Which of the following types of fractures involves the bone breaking into multiple pieces?

It is essential for the patient to avoid moving the cast to relieve itching as this can lead to skin breakdown, discomfort, and improper healing. The nurse should instruct the patient to use cool air or apply ice packs on the outside of the cast to alleviate itching without disturbing the cast's positioning.

b. Using a hairdryer on a warm setting to dry the inside of the cast is not recommended. The heat can cause discomfort and may not effectively dry the interior of the cast, leading to skin irritation and potential infection.
c. Sticking objects under the cast to scratch the skin can damage the skin and introduce bacteria, increasing the risk of infection. The patient should be instructed not to insert any objects under the cast.
d. Removing the cast if it becomes loose is not within the patient's scope of practice. If the cast becomes loose or uncomfortable, the patient should seek immediate medical attention for evaluation and adjustment by a healthcare professional.

In a comminuted fracture, the bone is broken into multiple pieces, which may require more complex treatment and longer healing time.

a. Greenstick fracture: A greenstick fracture involves the bone bending and partially breaking, commonly seen in children. It does not result in multiple pieces.
b. Transverse fracture: A transverse fracture occurs when the bone breaks straight across its long axis, but it does not involve multiple pieces.
d. Spiral fracture: A spiral fracture is characterized by a twisting or spiraling break along the bone, but it does not result in multiple pieces.