Which urine test provides the most accurate measurement of renal function?
Specific gravity
Creatinine
Phosphates
BUN
The Correct Answer is B
A. Specific gravity: Specific gravity measures urine concentration but does not directly assess renal function.
B. Creatinine: Serum creatinine levels provide the most accurate measure of renal function as they reflect the kidney’s ability to filter waste.
C. Phosphates: Phosphate levels are affected by kidney function but are not the most direct measure.
D. BUN: Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) can be affected by other factors like hydration and protein intake, making it less reliable than creatinine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hyperkalemia: Hyperkalemia is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure because elevated potassium levels can cause dangerous cardiac arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.
B. Hypokalemia: Hypokalemia is not commonly associated with renal failure and is less immediately life-threatening than hyperkalemia.
C. Hypernatremia: While fluid imbalances can lead to hypernatremia, it is less critical than hyperkalemia in renal failure.
D. Hyponatremia: Although hyponatremia can occur in renal failure, its effects are typically less acutely life-threatening than hyperkalemia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Flat plate: A flat plate of the abdomen (plain X-ray) is safe and does not involve contrast dye.
B. Intravenous pyelogram: This procedure involves the use of contrast dye, which is nephrotoxic and contraindicated in patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes mellitus due to the risk of worsening kidney function.
C. Ultrasonography: Ultrasounds do not involve dye or radiation and are safe for patients with renal insufficiency or diabetes.
D. Renal scan: While renal scans can involve radioactive material, they are generally safer for assessing kidney function in these patients compared to an IV pyelogram.
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