A patient on dialysis asks why he is receiving aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel), a phosphate binder, for his renal disorder. What should the nurse explain regarding the action of that Amphojel?
Increases the appetite
Corrects the pH of the bowel
Calms the frequent upset stomach experienced by patients on dialysis
Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level
The Correct Answer is D
A. Increases the appetite: Aluminum hydroxide does not have an appetite-stimulating effect.
B. Corrects the pH of the bowel: Aluminum hydroxide does not directly alter bowel pH; it is used to bind phosphate.
C. Calms the frequent upset stomach experienced by patients on dialysis: Although aluminum hydroxide can reduce stomach acid, its primary use in this context is as a phosphate binder.
D. Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level: Aluminum hydroxide binds dietary phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing serum phosphorus levels. This helps manage the calcium-phosphorus balance, preventing complications like bone demineralization.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Irritability and hyperactivity: Glomerulonephritis does not directly cause these symptoms; neurological changes are more associated with uremia in advanced kidney disease.
B. Low blood volume with polyuria: Glomerulonephritis often leads to fluid retention rather than polyuria, resulting in increased blood pressure.
C. Low levels of BUN and creatinine: BUN and creatinine levels are typically elevated due to impaired filtration.
D. Moderate to high blood pressure: The inflammatory process in glomerulonephritis often leads to fluid retention and hypertension.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "I will limit my fluid intake.": Anticholinergic agents can lead to urinary retention and dehydration, so limiting fluid intake can exacerbate side effects. Patients should be encouraged to maintain adequate hydration.
B. "I will chew gum to relieve my dry mouth.": Dry mouth is a common side effect of anticholinergics, and chewing gum can help alleviate it.
C. "I will eat fresh fruits.": Fresh fruits can help prevent constipation, another common side effect of anticholinergic medications.
D. "I will not drive if I develop blurred vision.": Blurred vision is a side effect of anticholinergics, and patients should avoid driving or operating machinery if it occurs.
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