While completing the cardiovascular system health history, a client reports difficulty falling asleep unless she is in an upright position. Which of the following potential problems should the nurse further investigate?

Chest pain

Orthopnea

Edema

Palpitations

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Chest pain: This symptom is important but does not specifically correlate with difficulty sleeping unless upright.

B. Orthopnea: Difficulty breathing while lying flat (orthopnea) is typically associated with heart failure and would require further investigation to understand its impact on the client's sleep.

C. Edema: While edema can be a sign of cardiovascular problems, it does not directly explain the difficulty in sleeping unless in an upright position.

D. Palpitations: Palpitations might affect sleep but are less directly linked to the need to sleep upright compared to orthopnea.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Flexible sigmoidoscopy: This test is recommended for colorectal cancer screening and can detect abnormalities in the lower part of the colon.

B. Double contrast barium enema: This test is used in colorectal cancer screening to provide images of the colon and rectum.

C. Fecal occult blood test: This test detects hidden blood in the stool, which can be an early sign of colorectal cancer.

D. Upper endoscopy: This test examines the upper gastrointestinal tract, not used for colorectal cancer screening.

E. Colonoscopy: This test is a primary screening method for colorectal cancer, allowing for direct visualization and biopsy of the colon.

A. Pulmonic and tricuspid B. Mitral and aortic C. Aortic and pulmonic D. Tricuspid and mitral

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Pulmonic and tricuspid: The tricuspid valve's closure is not primarily audible at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border; it is better heard at the lower left sternal border.

B. Mitral and aortic: The mitral valve is best heard at the apex of the heart, not the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border.

C. Aortic and pulmonic: The 2nd intercostal space right sternal border is the area where the aortic and pulmonic valves are auscultated. The louder S2 here indicates the closure of these valves, with the aortic valve being the primary source of sound in this area.

D. Tricuspid and mitral: These valves are best heard at other locations, with the tricuspid valve near the lower left sternal border and the mitral valve at the apex.

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While completing the cardiovascular system health history, a client reports difficulty falling asleep unless she is in an upright position. Which of the following potential problems should the nurse further investigate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse knows screening test(s) for colorectal cancer detection according to recommendations from the American Cancer Society (2018) includes? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

When auscultating a client's heart sounds, the nurse hears a louder S2 when listening at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border. The nurse determines that this finding is consistent with the closure of which heart valves?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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