While conducting a physical examination of the cardiovascular system, the nurse hears fine crackles on auscultation of the lungs. This finding is most likely a manifestation of which problem?

Dextrocardia

Hypertension

Palpitations

Left-sided heart failure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Dextrocardia is a condition where the heart is located on the right side of the chest and does not typically cause crackles in the lungs.

B. Hypertension may lead to cardiovascular complications but is not directly associated with crackles in the lungs.

C. Palpitations are related to sensations of irregular or rapid heartbeats, not crackles in the lungs.

D. Fine crackles in the lungs are often associated with left-sided heart failure due to fluid accumulation in the lungs from compromised cardiac function.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. Ventricles: After blood is received by the atria, it flows through the atrioventricular (AV) valves into the ventricles.

A. Chordae tendineae: These are the tendinous cords that anchor the AV valves but are not the structures where blood flows.

B. Precordium: This term refers to the area of the chest wall over the heart, not a chamber of the heart where blood flows.

D. Semilunar valves: These valves are located between the ventricles and the arteries (pulmonary and aortic) and are not the immediate next location for blood after the atria.

A. Pulmonic and tricuspid B. Mitral and aortic C. Aortic and pulmonic D. Tricuspid and mitral

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Pulmonic and tricuspid: The tricuspid valve's closure is not primarily audible at the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border; it is better heard at the lower left sternal border.

B. Mitral and aortic: The mitral valve is best heard at the apex of the heart, not the 2nd intercostal space right sternal border.

C. Aortic and pulmonic: The 2nd intercostal space right sternal border is the area where the aortic and pulmonic valves are auscultated. The louder S2 here indicates the closure of these valves, with the aortic valve being the primary source of sound in this area.

D. Tricuspid and mitral: These valves are best heard at other locations, with the tricuspid valve near the lower left sternal border and the mitral valve at the apex.

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While conducting a physical examination of the cardiovascular system, the nurse hears fine crackles on auscultation of the lungs. This finding is most likely a manifestation of which problem?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After teaching a group of students about blood flow through the heart, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students state that after being received by the atria, the blood goes to which of the following?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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