Who can create an advance directive?

Choice A rationale
The route of administration is important, but it is not the only missing element in this prescription.
Choice B rationale
The frequency of administration is missing, which is crucial for ensuring the medication is given at the correct intervals. Without this information, the prescription is incomplete and can lead to medication errors.
Choice C rationale
The patient’s name is essential, but it is not the only missing element in this prescription.
Choice D rationale
The prescriber’s signature is important for validating the prescription, but the frequency of administration is the critical missing element in this context.

Choice A rationale
Encouraging the use of sedatives to promote better sleep is incorrect. Sedatives can increase the risk of falls in older adults due to their side effects, such as dizziness and impaired coordination. It is important to use non-pharmacological methods to promote sleep and reduce fall risk.
Choice B rationale
Removing tripping hazards from the home is a key action to reduce falls in older adults. This includes securing loose rugs, keeping walkways clear, and ensuring that cords and other objects are not in areas where they could cause a trip. By creating a safer environment, the risk of falls is significantly reduced.
Choice C rationale
Ensuring proper lighting in all areas of the home is also important for fall prevention. Adequate lighting helps older adults see potential hazards and navigate their environment safely. This includes using nightlights in hallways and bathrooms and ensuring that all rooms are well-lit.
Choice D rationale
Avoiding the use of diuretics at night can help reduce the need for nighttime bathroom trips, which can be a fall risk. However, this choice alone is not as comprehensive as removing tripping hazards, which addresses multiple potential fall risks in the home.