Your second older adult female client has been experiencing some problems with urinary incontinence. You suggest that she document which of the following in a “bladder/voiding diary”? (Select all that apply.)
Difficulty starting or stopping the urinary stream
The character of the urine
Ability to reach a toilet and use it
Whether she had a bowel movement at the same time
The amount and timing of fluid intake and urine output
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Choice A reason:
It is important for the client to document any difficulty starting or stopping the urinary stream as this can indicate potential issues with bladder function or muscle control.
Choice B reason:
Documenting the character of the urine, such as color and odor, can provide valuable insights into potential underlying health issues, such as dehydration or urinary tract infections.
Choice C reason:
The ability to reach a toilet and use it is crucial information as it helps in understanding the client's mobility and accessibility to restroom facilities, which can impact her urinary patterns.
Choice D reason:
Although not listed, it's essential to note that having a bowel movement at the same time can also provide insights into potential underlying issues and patterns related to urinary incontinence.
Choice E reason:
The amount and timing of fluid intake and urine output are imperative to track as they can reveal patterns and potential triggers for urinary incontinence, aiding in the development of an effective management plan.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: A licensed practical nurse is qualified to care for the feet of a client with diabetes is false because foot care for people with diabetes requires specialized training and skills that are beyond the scope of practice of a licensed practical nurse. A registered nurse or a podiatrist should provide foot care for people with diabetes, as they can assess, treat, and prevent foot problems such as ulcers, infections, or nerve damage.
Choice B reason: Onychomycosis is quickly eradicated with antifungal creams or powders is false because onychomycosis, or fungal nail infection, is a stubborn and persistent condition that can take months or years to clear. Antifungal creams or powders are usually not effective for onychomycosis, as they cannot penetrate the nail plate. Oral antifungal medication or laser therapy may be needed to treat onychomycosis.
Choice C reason: Maintaining oral hydration may reduce the incidence of xerosis is true because xerosis, or dry skin, is a common problem for older adults, as their skin produces less oil and moisture. Drinking enough fluids can help hydrate the skin and prevent dryness, itching, cracking, or infection. The recommended fluid intake for older adults is 2400 mL/day, according to the National Council on Aging.
Choice D reason: Ram’s-horn nail should be cut to give a smooth, rounded edge is false because ram’s-horn nail, or onychogryphosis, is a condition where the nail becomes thickened, curved, and distorted. Cutting the nail can be difficult and painful, and may cause bleeding or infection. A podiatrist should trim and file the nail, and treat any underlying causes of the condition.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect because 120/80 mm Hg is a normal blood pressure, not a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus. High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, as it can damage the blood vessels and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, having a normal blood pressure does not rule out the possibility of having diabetes mellitus, as other factors, such as blood sugar level, family history, or lifestyle, can also influence the risk.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because total cholesterol 198 mg/dL is a borderline high cholesterol level, not a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus. High cholesterol, or hyperlipidemia, is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, as it can affect the metabolism of fats and increase the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. However, having a borderline high cholesterol level does not confirm the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, as other factors, such as blood sugar level, family history, or lifestyle, can also influence the risk.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because palpable peripheral pulses are a normal finding, not a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus. Peripheral pulses are the pulsations of the arteries that can be felt in the extremities, such as the wrists or ankles. Palpable peripheral pulses indicate that the blood flow to the extremities is adequate and not compromised by diabetes mellitus. However, having palpable peripheral pulses does not rule out the possibility of having diabetes mellitus, as other factors, such as blood sugar level, family history, or lifestyle, can also influence the risk.
Choice D reason: This is correct because 68 years of age is a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus. Age is one of the non-modifiable risk factors for diabetes mellitus, as the risk increases with advancing age. This is because aging can affect the insulin production and sensitivity, as well as the body composition and function. Older adults are more likely to have diabetes mellitus than younger adults, especially if they have other risk factors, such as obesity, family history, or sedentary lifestyle. Therefore, 68 years of age is a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus.
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