The nurse identifies which of the following interventions in the treatment of fungal infections? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason: Cognitive disorders are conditions that affect the mental functions, such as memory, reasoning, judgment, or orientation. Cognitive disorders can increase the risk of falls by impairing the awareness, attention, or decision-making of the client.

Choice B reason: Antibiotics are not a factor that requires particular attention when assessing a client who has a history of falls. Antibiotics are medications that treat bacterial infections, and they do not directly affect the risk of falls. However, some antibiotics may have side effects, such as dizziness, nausea, or diarrhea, that can indirectly increase the risk of falls.

Choice C reason: Orthostatic hypotension is a condition where the blood pressure drops significantly when changing position, such as standing up from sitting or lying down. Orthostatic hypotension can cause symptoms, such as lightheadedness, fainting, or blurred vision, that can increase the risk of falls.

Choice D reason: Vision is the sense of sight that allows the perception of the environment and the detection of potential hazards. Vision can decline with age or due to various eye diseases or injuries. Poor vision can increase the risk of falls by affecting the depth perception, contrast sensitivity, or visual field of the client.

Choice E reason: Balance is the ability to maintain the body's center of gravity over its base of support. Balance can be affected by various factors, such as inner ear problems, muscle weakness, joint stiffness, or medication use. Poor balance can increase the risk of falls by impairing the stability and coordination of the client.

Choice A reason: A shortened warning time between the desire to void and actual micturition is a common sign of urinary incontinence in older adults. It is caused by the decreased bladder capacity, increased bladder irritability, and reduced urethral resistance that occur with aging.

Choice B reason: The first urge to void occurs at the midbladder volume (250-350 mL) is not a correct answer, as this is the normal bladder sensation for adults of all ages. It does not indicate urinary incontinence.

Choice C reason: Diarrhea is the most common gastrointestinal complaint made to the health care provider is not a correct answer, as it is not related to urinary incontinence. It is a separate condition that affects the bowel movements.

Choice D reason: Constipation as a symptom of altered bladder functions is not a correct answer, as it is not a direct cause or effect of urinary incontinence. However, constipation can worsen urinary incontinence by increasing the pressure on the bladder and pelvic floor muscles.

Choice E reason: None of the above is not a correct answer, as there is one choice that is true for urinary incontinence in older adults.