(1 point). Listen.
A nurse is asked what causes Prinzmetal angina.
How should the nurse respond? Prinzmetal angina is caused by:.

Choice A rationale:

"Chorea" is not related to the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever. Chorea is a movement disorder, but it is not a term associated with the immune response to group A streptococcal cell membrane antigens.

Choice B rationale:

"M proteins" are the key component involved in the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever. Group A streptococcal M proteins trigger an abnormal immune response that can lead to acute rheumatic fever and its associated complications, including rheumatic heart disease.

Choice C rationale:

"C-reactive protein" is not the primary antigen or component involved in the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever. While C-reactive protein may increase in response to inflammation, it is not the main factor responsible for the development of this condition.

Choice D rationale:

"Streptolysin O" is not the primary antigen involved in the pathophysiology of acute rheumatic fever. Streptolysin O is a toxin produced by group A streptococci, but it is not the antigen responsible for the abnormal immune response leading to acute rheumatic fever. .

Choice A rationale:

Albumin and aldosterone. Rationale: Albumin and aldosterone are not typically used to diagnose myocardial infarction. These are not specific markers for cardiac injury. Choice A is incorrect.

Choice B rationale:

Sodium and potassium. Rationale: Sodium and potassium levels are important for assessing electrolyte balance, but they are not specific indicators of myocardial infarction. Choice B is incorrect.

Choice C rationale:

Creatine phosphate (CK-MB) and troponin 1. Rationale: Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and troponin 1 are specific cardiac markers that are elevated in the blood following a myocardial infarction. CK-MB is an isoenzyme of creatine kinase found primarily in the heart, and troponin is a protein released from damaged heart muscle cells. Elevated levels of these markers are indicative of myocardial infarction. Choice C is the correct answer.

Choice D rationale:

Cholesterol and HDL. Rationale: Cholesterol and HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) levels are relevant for assessing cardiovascular risk but are not specific markers for myocardial infarction. Choice D is incorrect.