(1 point). Listen.

When a nurse is describing the development of primary hypertension, which information is correct? Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity causes:

Decreased heart rate.

Increased renal excretion of sodium.

Peripheral vasoconstriction.

Decreased insulin resistance.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:
Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity does not cause a decreased heart rate. In fact, increased SNS activity often leads to an increased heart rate as part of the "fight or flight" response, which is characterized by increased sympathetic activity.
Choice B rationale:
Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity does not result in increased renal excretion of sodium. Instead, it can lead to increased sodium reabsorption by the kidneys as part of the body's response to stress.
Choice D rationale:
Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity does not cause decreased insulin resistance. In fact, it can contribute to insulin resistance, as chronic stress and high levels of stress hormones like epinephrine and norepinephrine can lead to impaired insulin sensitivity.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance can lead to right-sided heart failure. In conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary hypertension, increased resistance in the pulmonary circulation can cause the right ventricle of the heart to work harder to pump blood into the lungs. Over time, this can lead to right-sided heart failure. The rationale for this choice is that when the right ventricle fails, it can result in symptoms such as peripheral edema, jugular venous distension, hepatomegaly, and ascites, which are characteristic of right-sided heart failure.

Choice B rationale:

Left-sided heart failure is not typically associated with chronic pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Left-sided heart failure is more commonly linked to conditions like hypertension, coronary artery disease, and valvular heart diseases. It leads to symptoms such as pulmonary congestion, dyspnea, and orthopnea, rather than the signs of right-sided heart failure.

Choice C rationale:

Low-output failure is a generic term that can refer to both left and right-sided heart failure. It does not specifically address the relationship between chronic pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Low-output failure occurs when the heart cannot pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the body's demands, and it can be due to either left or right-sided heart failure.

Choice D rationale:

High-output failure is a less common type of heart failure and is typically not associated with chronic pulmonary disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. It occurs when the heart is pumping a higher-than-normal volume of blood but still cannot meet the body's metabolic demands. Causes of high-output failure may include conditions like anemia, hyperthyroidism, or arteriovenous shunts.

A. No chest pain. B. Intermittent claudication. C. Excessive bleeding. D. Fever.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Silent ischemia is a condition in which a patient experiences myocardial ischemia (lack of blood flow to the heart muscle) without typical symptoms like chest pain. This is why the patient with silent ischemia typically does not report chest pain. Instead, they may have atypical symptoms or remain asymptomatic. The absence of chest pain is a key characteristic of silent ischemia.

Choice B rationale:

Intermittent claudication is not associated with silent ischemia. It is a symptom typically related to peripheral arterial disease (PAD), where reduced blood flow to the extremities causes pain during physical activity. Silent ischemia, on the other hand, primarily involves the heart and is not characterized by intermittent claudication.

Choice C rationale:

Excessive bleeding is not a typical symptom of silent ischemia. Silent ischemia is primarily related to inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to myocardial ischemia, but it does not cause bleeding. This choice is unrelated to the condition in question.

Choice D rationale:

Fever is not a typical symptom of silent ischemia. This choice is unrelated to the condition, as silent ischemia primarily involves the heart and is not associated with fever.

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(1 point). Listen. When a nurse is describing the development of primary hypertension, which information is correct? Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity causes:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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(1 point). Listen.

When a nurse is describing the development of primary hypertension, which information is correct? Increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity causes: