(1 point). Listen.
Which statement indicates that the patient needs more teaching regarding the Virchow triad? A component of the Virchow triad is:.

Choice A rationale:

Remodeling of arterial luminal walls is not a direct consequence of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance primarily affects glucose metabolism and can lead to hypertension through the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Choice B rationale:

Amino acid homocysteine is associated with cardiovascular disease, but it is not the primary mediator of insulin resistance or hypertension.

Choice C rationale:

Insulin resistance is associated with overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays a significant role in regulating blood pressure, and its overactivity can contribute to hypertension.

Choice D rationale:

Increased afterload effect is a consequence of hypertension rather than a direct association with insulin resistance. Insulin resistance can lead to hypertension through various mechanisms, including sympathetic nervous system activation and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation.

Choice A rationale:

Increased blood flow through the diseased vessels. Rationale: Atherosclerosis is characterized by the deposition of fatty plaques in arterial walls, leading to the narrowing of blood vessels. This results in reduced blood flow, not increased blood flow. Choice A is incorrect.

Choice B rationale:

Formation of aneurysms. Rationale: While atherosclerosis can weaken arterial walls over time, leading to an increased risk of aneurysms, this is not the most common consequence of atherosclerosis. Aneurysms are a potential complication but are not the primary concern in atherosclerosis. Choice B is incorrect.

Choice C rationale:

Autoimmune destruction of the vessel wall. Rationale: Atherosclerosis is not an autoimmune disease. It is a condition in which fatty deposits accumulate in arteries, leading to plaque formation. Autoimmune destruction of vessel walls is not a typical consequence of atherosclerosis. Choice C is incorrect.

Choice D rationale:

Obstruction of the blood vessel lumen. Rationale: Atherosclerosis is primarily characterized by the obstruction of blood vessels due to the buildup of plaques. This is the most common consequence of atherosclerosis, leading to reduced blood flow and potentially causing a range of cardiovascular issues, including angina, heart attacks, and stroke. Choice D is the correct answer.