(1 point). Listen.
A patient has atherosclerosis.
Which factor associated with endothelial injury will the nurse observe written in the history?

Choice A rationale:

The term the nurse should use to describe the finding of pain on ambulation in a patient with peripheral artery disease is "intermittent claudication.”. Intermittent claudication is a classic symptom of peripheral artery disease and is characterized by muscle pain or cramping in the legs during physical activity, such as walking, which improves with rest. This choice is correct because it accurately describes the symptom associated with the condition and helps in effective communication with both the healthcare team and the patient.

Choice B rationale:

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a different vascular condition that involves the formation of blood clots in deep veins, often in the legs. While DVT can also cause leg pain and swelling, it is not the appropriate term to describe the pain on ambulation in a patient with peripheral artery disease. Using this term would lead to a misunderstanding of the patient's condition, so it is not the correct choice.

Choice C rationale:

Thromboangiitis obliterans, also known as Buerger's disease, is a rare inflammatory condition that primarily affects the blood vessels in the arms and legs. While it can cause pain and other symptoms, it is not the term to describe the pain on ambulation in a patient with peripheral artery disease. Using this term would be misleading and not reflective of the patient's condition.

Choice D rationale:

Venous stasis ulcer is a term used to describe open sores or ulcers that develop on the legs due to chronic venous insufficiency. It is not the appropriate term to describe the pain on ambulation in a patient with peripheral artery disease. Using this term would not accurately convey the patient's symptoms, so it is not the correct choice.

Choice A rationale:

Myocarditis is not the most common cause of coronary artery disease (CAD). Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle, often caused by viral infections or autoimmune reactions. While myocarditis can lead to heart-related symptoms, it is not the primary cause of CAD.

Choice B rationale:

Hypoglycemia is not the most common cause of CAD. Hypoglycemia refers to low blood sugar levels and is not a direct cause of CAD. However, unstable blood sugar levels can affect cardiovascular health, but atherosclerosis remains the primary underlying cause of CAD.

Choice C rationale:

Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of coronary artery disease (CAD). Atherosclerosis is a condition in which the walls of the arteries become clogged with fatty deposits, leading to the narrowing of the arteries. This narrowing restricts blood flow to the heart muscle, resulting in the characteristic symptoms of CAD, such as angina and heart attacks. Atherosclerosis is a major risk factor for CAD and is influenced by factors like high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, and diabetes.

Choice D rationale:

Vasospasm is not the most common cause of CAD. Vasospasm, also known as coronary artery vasospasm or Prinzmetal's angina, is a condition characterized by transient, sudden narrowing of the coronary arteries. While it can lead to chest pain similar to angina, it is not as common as atherosclerosis in causing CAD. Vasospasm is often associated with certain triggers, such as smoking or drug use, and may occur in addition to atherosclerosis.