(1 point). Listen.
Which of the following laboratory results will cause the nurse to suspect that a patient is prone to the development of the fatty streak in atherosclerosis?

High LDL.

Low LDL.

High HDL.

Low triglycerides.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

High LDL (low-density lipoprotein) levels are a well-established risk factor for atherosclerosis. Elevated LDL cholesterol can lead to the deposition of cholesterol in the arterial walls, promoting the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Typically, an LDL level above 130 mg/dL is considered high.

Choice B rationale:

Low LDL levels are generally considered beneficial and are not associated with a higher risk of atherosclerosis. Lower LDL levels can be achieved through lifestyle modifications or medication and are often recommended for cardiovascular health.

Choice C rationale:

High HDL (high-density lipoprotein) levels are associated with a lower risk of atherosclerosis. HDL is considered "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the arteries. High HDL levels are typically desirable for cardiovascular health.

Choice D rationale:

Low triglyceride levels are not a primary risk factor for atherosclerosis. Elevated triglyceride levels can be associated with metabolic syndrome and other cardiovascular risk factors, but they are not as directly linked to atherosclerosis as high LDL levels.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Sodium is not the substance that mediates arteriolar remodeling in hypertension. While sodium intake can influence blood pressure, it is not the primary mediator of arteriolar remodeling.

Choice B rationale:

Lactic acid is not the substance that mediates arteriolar remodeling in hypertension. Lactic acid is produced during anaerobic metabolism and is not directly related to the processes that lead to hypertension.

Choice C rationale:

Glycogen is not the substance that mediates arteriolar remodeling in hypertension. Glycogen is a storage form of glucose in the body and is not directly involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension.

Choice D rationale:

Angiotensin I is the precursor to angiotensin II, which is a potent vasoconstrictor and a key mediator of arteriolar remodeling in hypertension. Angiotensin II leads to increased vascular resistance, which contributes to elevated blood pressure in hypertensive individuals. .

A. Oxidation of LDL in the vessel wall. B. Formation of the fatty streak in the tunica media. C. Thrombosis in the vessel lumen. D. Endothelial injury and release of cytokines.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Atherosclerosis is a complex process that involves the buildup of fatty deposits (atherosclerotic plaques) in the inner lining of arteries. The process is initiated by the oxidation of LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol in the vessel wall. LDL cholesterol can become oxidized and trigger an inflammatory response in the endothelium, leading to the recruitment of immune cells and the formation of atherosclerotic lesions.

Choice B rationale:

The formation of a fatty streak in the tunica media is not the initial event that initiates atherosclerosis. Fatty streaks are a hallmark of early atherosclerosis but are a consequence of the inflammatory process triggered by the oxidation of LDL cholesterol.

Choice C rationale:

Thrombosis in the vessel lumen can be a complication of atherosclerosis but is not the primary event that initiates the atherosclerotic process.

Choice D rationale:

Endothelial injury and the release of cytokines are part of the inflammatory response that follows the initiation of atherosclerosis. However, the primary event that triggers atherosclerosis is the oxidation of LDL cholesterol in the vessel wall.

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(1 point). Listen.Which of the following laboratory results will cause the nurse to suspect that a patient is prone to the development of the fatty streak in atherosclerosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

(1 point). Listen.A nurse is discussing the substance that mediates arteriolar remodeling in hypertension.Which substance is the nurse describing?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

(1 point). Listen.Which of the following events initiates the process of atherosclerosis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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(1 point). Listen.
Which of the following laboratory results will cause the nurse to suspect that a patient is prone to the development of the fatty streak in atherosclerosis?