A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for an older adult client who has a new prescription for transdermal clonidine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Inform the client of the adverse effect of diarrhea.
Monitor the client for weight loss.
Advise the client about increased dry mouth.
Check the client for increased hypopigmentation under the patch.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A Reason:
Informing the client of the adverse effect of diarrhea is less common with clonidine use, especially in comparison to other side effects like dry mouth or skin irritation.
Choice B Reason:
Monitoring for weight loss isn't a primary concern specifically associated with transdermal clonidine use.
Choice C Reason:
Advise the client about increased dry mouth. Dry mouth is a common adverse effect of clonidine, including the transdermal form. Patients should be informed about this so they can manage it effectively, for example, by drinking plenty of water or using sugar-free gum or candy to stimulate saliva production.
Choice D Reason:
Hypopigmentation is not a commonly reported issue with transdermal clonidine patches. However, local skin irritation or rash can occur at the site of the patch.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
"The organism that causes TB becomes resistant to antituberculotic medications when you only take one medication." This statement is appropriate.
Tuberculosis bacteria tend to develop resistance to single medications when used alone. Using multiple medications simultaneously helps prevent the bacteria from becoming resistant to any single drug. This strategy, known as combination therapy, is crucial in treating TB effectively and reducing the risk of drug resistance.
When TB bacteria are exposed to just one medication, they can mutate and become resistant to that specific drug. However, using a combination of medications helps ensure that if one medication fails to eliminate some bacteria due to resistance, the other drugs can still work against the resistant strains.
Preventing drug resistance is essential for successful TB treatment and to avoid the need for more complex and less effective medications if resistance develops.
Choice B Reason:
"Taking several antituberculotic medications will protect your liver from toxic effects." This statement is incorrect. While it's true that some antituberculotic medications can have hepatotoxic effects (adverse effects on the liver), the primary reason for using multiple medications in TB treatment isn't solely to protect the liver. The main goal of using multiple medications is to prevent the development of drug-resistant strains of TB bacteria. Protecting the liver is an important consideration in medication selection and monitoring but isn't the primary rationale for multiple medications.
Choice C Reason:
"People who have a severe form of TB need several antituberculotic medications, but those who have less severe TB need just one medication." This statement is incorrect. The severity of TB doesn't determine the number of medications required. The standard treatment approach for TB involves multiple medications, regardless of the severity. This approach aims to prevent the development of drug resistance, ensure effective treatment, and reduce the risk of treatment failure. Using a combination of medications is a fundamental strategy to combat TB effectively.
Choice D Reason:
"Adverse effects occur more often and are more severe when you take only one antituberculotic medication." This statement is incorrect. While it's true that adverse effects can occur with antituberculotic medications, the primary reason for using multiple medications isn't solely to reduce adverse effects. The main concern addressed by using multiple drugs is preventing the development of drug-resistant TB strains. Using a combination of medications reduces the likelihood of resistance developing and increases the effectiveness of treatment, rather than solely minimizing adverse effects.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
"I will use a skin sealant before I apply the bag." This statement is appropriate. Using a skin sealant before applying the ostomy bag helps protect the skin around the stoma, creating a barrier against irritation and potential leaks from the stool. It demonstrates the client's understanding of preventive measures to maintain skin integrity.
Choice B Reason:
"I will use moisturizing soap to clean around the stoma before applying the bag." This statement is inappropriate. While keeping the area around the stoma clean is important, using moisturizing soap might not be recommended as it can leave residue and interfere with the adhesive properties of the bag. Typically, mild soap and water are recommended for cleansing.
Choice C Reason:
"I will cut the wafer opening one-fourth of an inch larger than the stoma." This statement is incorrect. Cutting the wafer opening one-fourth of an inch larger than the stoma might result in an excessively large opening, potentially leading to leaks or irritation. The ideal size is generally recommended to be as close to the stoma size as possible without causing pressure on the stoma.
Choice D Reason:
"I will need to empty the bag every 4 to 6 hours." This statement is incorrect. While regular emptying of the ostomy bag is necessary, the frequency can vary based on individual needs and stoma output. Some individuals might need to empty it more frequently or less often, depending on their stool output and comfort level.
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