46: A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about palliative care. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A. Droplet: Incorrect. Droplet precautions are used for infections spread through respiratory droplets, such as influenza or meningitis, not for immunocompromised clients undergoing stem-cell transplants.
B. Protective: Correct. Protective precautions, also known as neutropenic precautions or reverse isolation, are necessary for clients who are immunocompromised, such as those who have had a stem-cell transplant. These precautions include using barrier protection to prevent infection due to the client's weakened immune system.
C. Contact: Incorrect. Contact precautions are used for infections spread by direct or indirect contact with contaminated surfaces or items, such as Clostridium difficile, not for immunocompromised patients.
D. Airborne: Incorrect. Airborne precautions are used for infections that spread through the air over long distances, such as tuberculosis or measles, and are not specifically needed for clients with compromised immunity post-transplant.

A. Episodic acute stress: This term is not a recognized diagnosis. Acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder are the established diagnoses related to trauma and stress.
B. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): IBS is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It is not related to the flashbacks of traumatic events.
C. Acute stress disorder (ASD): ASD occurs within the first month after exposure to a traumatic event and involves symptoms like intrusive memories and flashbacks. However, since the traumatic event occurred a year ago, this disorder is less likely than PTSD.
D. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): PTSD is characterized by symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, and severe anxiety following exposure to a traumatic event. Given the traumatic event happened a year ago, the client’s symptoms are consistent with PTSD.