A 1-year-old is being screened for retinoblastoma based on family history of the disease. The nurse recognizes which sign as being most characteristic of the disease?
White glow of the pupil.
Ptosis of the eye
Fixed and dilated pupil
Purulent eye discharge
The Correct Answer is A
A white glow of the pupil, often referred to as "cat's eye reflex" or "leukocoria," is a significant and characteristic sign of retinoblastoma. It occurs when the tumor within the eye reflects light, resulting in a white or yellowish glow in the pupil when light is shined into it. This can be seen in flash photographs or in certain lighting conditions. It's a crucial sign that may indicate the presence of retinoblastoma, a rare eye cancer that primarily affects young children.
The other options, B (ptosis of the eye), C (fixed and dilated pupil), and D (purulent eye discharge), are not typically associated with retinoblastoma. Ptosis is the drooping of the upper eyelid, a fixed and dilated pupil is usually a sign of neurological issues, and purulent eye discharge is often associated with eye infections rather than retinoblastoma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Palliative care focuses on the care of the client." - This statement is accurate. Palliative care is centered around providing comprehensive care that addresses the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of the patient.
B. "Palliative care is an inter-professional approach to the delivery of care." - This statement is also accurate. Palliative care typically involves a team of healthcare professionals, including physicians, nurses, social workers, chaplains, and other specialists, who work collaboratively to provide holistic care.
C. "Palliative care is the same as hospice care." - This statement is incorrect. Palliative care and hospice care share similarities in that they both focus on improving the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses, but they are not the same. The key difference is that palliative care can be provided at any stage of a serious illness, even alongside curative treatments, while hospice care is typically provided when a patient has a terminal illness with a prognosis of six months or less to live.
D. "Palliative care includes symptom management in the cent" - This statement is accurate. Symptom management and relief of distressing symptoms are essential components of palliative care, with the goal of improving the patient's quality of life.
So, the statement in option C is incorrect, and the registered nurse should correct it by explaining the distinction between palliative care and hospice care to the client's family.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Explaining to the teenager that he is lucky to receive good care does not address his emotional and social needs adequately and may minimize his feelings.
B. Arranging for a video conference with his teacher and ensuring schoolwork is available is important but does not address his desire to be with friends or his emotional needs.
C. Asking the child-life specialist to help find activities to distract the teenager can be helpful for providing emotional support but may not address his concerns about being with friends and feeling frustrated.
D. Arrange a multi-disciplinary team meeting, including the teenager and his family, to discuss the situation and set goals together.
In this challenging situation, it's important to involve the patient and their family in decision-making and goal-setting. Advanced osteosarcoma with metastasis to the lungs is a serious and potentially terminal illness. The teenager's feelings and wishes should be respected and taken into consideration. A multi-disciplinary team meeting allows for open communication, including the patient, family, healthcare providers, and specialists, to discuss the situation, the patient's preferences, and the overall care plan.
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