A 10-year-old child with type 1 diabetes is admitted to the hospital with elevated blood glucose levels.
The pediatric nurse is preparing to administer insulin.
What is the most important step the nurse should take before administering insulin to ensure the safety of the child?
Ask the child if they have eaten recently.
Verify the child's identity and check the medication order.
Ensure the child is comfortable and relaxed.
Prepare the insulin in a syringe without checking the expiration date.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Asking if the child has eaten recently is important for understanding potential causes of elevated blood glucose and to consider the timing of insulin administration relative to meals. However, it does not directly ensure the medication being administered is correct for the right patient.
Choice B rationale
Verifying the child's identity using at least two identifiers and comparing the medication order to the prescription ensures that the right medication, dose, route, and time are being administered to the correct patient. This is a critical step in preventing medication errors and ensuring patient safety, especially with a high-risk medication like insulin.
Choice C rationale
Ensuring the child is comfortable and relaxed is beneficial for the child's overall well-being and can indirectly influence physiological parameters. However, it does not directly address the critical step of verifying the medication and patient identity before administration.
Choice D rationale
Preparing insulin without checking the expiration date is a medication error. Expired medications may have reduced potency or altered chemical properties, potentially leading to ineffective treatment or adverse effects. Checking the expiration date is a fundamental safety check.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cryptorchidism is the medical term for the failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scrotum. The scenario describes a 2-year-old male with one non-palpable testicle, which is the hallmark of cryptorchidism. Risk factors include prematurity and low birth weight.
Choice B rationale
An inguinal hernia is a protrusion of abdominal contents through the inguinal canal. While it can present as a swelling in the groin area, it is distinct from a missing testicle in the scrotum. Examination would typically reveal a palpable mass that may reduce with gentle pressure.
Choice C rationale
A hydrocele is a collection of fluid within the tunica vaginalis, the sac surrounding the testicle. It typically presents as a painless swelling of the scrotum. The testicle is usually palpable within the fluid-filled sac.
Choice D rationale
Testicular torsion is a medical emergency involving the twisting of the spermatic cord, which cuts off blood supply to the testicle. It presents with sudden, severe scrotal pain, swelling, and often nausea and vomiting. The examination would reveal a tender, firm, and retracted testicle. .
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Type 2 diabetes in pediatric patients can sometimes be managed effectively through lifestyle modifications alone, particularly in the early stages. These changes include dietary adjustments to reduce sugar and processed foods, increased physical activity to improve insulin sensitivity, and weight management.
Choice B rationale
Insulin resistance is a key pathophysiological feature of type 2 diabetes. In this condition, the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels as glucose cannot enter the cells for energy. The pancreas initially produces more insulin to compensate, but eventually, it may not be able to keep up.
Choice C rationale
Type 1 diabetes is more commonly diagnosed in younger children and adolescents, often presenting with acute symptoms. It results from the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin.
Choice D rationale
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin. This autoimmune process is often triggered by genetic predisposition and environmental factors but is not directly caused by lifestyle.
Choice E rationale
Obesity is a significant risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes due to its association with increased insulin resistance. While individuals with type 1 diabetes can also be obese, obesity is not the primary cause of type 1 diabetes.
Choice F rationale
Type 1 diabetes cannot be cured with lifestyle changes alone because it involves the permanent destruction of insulin-producing cells. Individuals with type 1 diabetes require lifelong insulin therapy to survive.
Choice G rationale
Type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented with healthy eating or other lifestyle modifications because it is an autoimmune condition. The onset is not directly linked to dietary habits or physical activity levels.
Choice H rationale
Type 2 diabetes is less common in infants and toddlers and is more frequently diagnosed in older children, adolescents, and adults, often associated with factors like obesity, family history, and sedentary lifestyle.
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