A 15-year-old patient is to receive antihemophilic factor (Factor VIll) replacement therapy. He asks the nurse, "Why does this always happen to me? How come my sisters don't have hemophilia?”. The nurse's response should be based on the understanding that hemophilia is characteristic of which type of hereditary disorder?

X-linked dominant.

Autosomal recessive.

Autosomal dominant.

X-linked recessive.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

X-linked dominant disorders are characterized by a mutation on the X chromosome that results in the expression of the trait in both males and females. Hemophilia, however, is more commonly associated with males, which is not consistent with an X-linked dominant pattern.

Choice B rationale:

Autosomal recessive disorders require the inheritance of two mutated alleles, one from each parent, to express the trait. Hemophilia does not follow this pattern, as the patient's sisters do not have the condition despite having affected parents.

Choice C rationale:

Autosomal dominant disorders only require the inheritance of one mutated allele from an affected parent to express the trait. Hemophilia does not align with an autosomal dominant pattern, as the patient's sisters would likely be affected if it were.

Choice D rationale:

Hemophilia is a classic example of an X-linked recessive disorder. The gene responsible for producing clotting factor is located on the X chromosome, and males have only one X chromosome, making them more susceptible to the disorder. Females, with two X chromosomes, usually act as carriers unless both X chromosomes carry the mutation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Urine output 76 mL/24 hours.

Choice A rationale:

BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) of 14 mg/dL falls within the normal range (7-20 mg/dL) and is not an immediate concern.

Choice B rationale:

Serum Creatinine of 0.4 mg/dL is also within the normal range (0.2-0.5 mg/dL) and does not warrant immediate action.

Choice C rationale:

Urine output of 76 mL/24 hours is significantly decreased from the expected normal range (1-2 mL/kg/hour), indicating potential kidney dysfunction or dehydration. This requires immediate action to assess the child's hydration status and kidney function.

Choice D rationale:

Hb (Hemoglobin) of 12 g/dL is within the normal range for a 5-year-old child (11.5-15.5 g/dL) and does not necessitate urgent intervention.

A. The patient ties his shoelaces. B. The patient gives his first and last name. C. The patient can tell time. D. The patient draws a stick figure with six parts.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The patient ties his shoelaces. This choice is incorrect as most 3-year-olds lack the fine motor skills required to tie shoelaces independently.

Choice B rationale:

The patient gives his first and last name. This choice is also incorrect, as most 3-year-olds might not have developed language skills to provide their full name accurately.

Choice C rationale:

The patient can tell time. This choice is unrealistic for a 3-year-old, as telling time involves cognitive and conceptual abilities that are not yet developed at this age.

Choice D rationale:

The patient draws a stick figure with six parts. This choice is correct. Around age 3, children usually start drawing simple figures with a head, arms, legs, and possibly facial features, totaling around six parts. This reflects appropriate developmental milestones for a child of this age.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which finding in a 5-year-old child diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome would require the nurse to take immediate action?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old patient. Which behavior is developmentally appropriate for this patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is working on a pediatric cardiology unit and has four patients, each with a different congenital heart defect. Match the congenital heart defect with the correct hemodynamic classification.

Which adventitious breath sound would a nurse expect to auscultate in a child admitted with an asthma exacerbation?

If the pancreatic enzymes are having the desired effect for a patient with cystic fibrosis, the nurse should expect to make which observation?

A 13-year-old with severe scoliosis is admitted for insertion of Harrington rods. In preparing the patient for postoperative care, the nurse should provide which information?

Which statement by the parent of a 10-month-old infant with Down Syndrome indicates the need for further instruction about the child's home care needs?

A nurse is caring for a pediatric client who is receiving pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy. Which nursing action measures the effectiveness of the therapy?

Which of the following are true regarding the transmission of Rotavirus? Select all that apply.

The nurse is to record the intake and output of a 2-year-old patient. The patient is not toilet trained. Which measure would be most appropriate to include in the patient's plan of care?