A 23-year-old college student is diagnosed with hepatitis A after returning from an international trip. During health education, the nurse explains how hepatitis A is transmitted. Which statement by the patient indicates a correct understanding of how the virus is spread?
"It must have been from sharing needles with my roommate."
"It is likely transmitted through kissing or sexual activity."
"I think I caught it because I have a family history of liver problems."
"I probably got it from drinking contaminated water or eating food handled by someone who didn't wash their hands properly."
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: "It must have been from sharing needles with my roommate." This statement is incorrect because hepatitis A is not typically transmitted through sharing needles. Hepatitis A is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, which involves ingestion of contaminated food or water.
Choice B reason: "It is likely transmitted through kissing or sexual activity." This statement is also incorrect. Hepatitis A is not commonly spread through kissing or sexual activity. It is mainly transmitted through consuming contaminated food or water or close contact with an infected person.
Choice C reason: "I think I caught it because I have a family history of liver problems." This statement reflects a misunderstanding of how hepatitis A is transmitted. Hepatitis A is not linked to genetic predisposition or family history of liver problems. It is an infectious disease spread through the fecal-oral route.
Choice D reason: "I probably got it from drinking contaminated water or eating food handled by someone who didn't wash their hands properly." This statement is correct and indicates an accurate understanding of how hepatitis A is transmitted. The virus is often spread through consumption of contaminated food or water, particularly in areas with poor sanitation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Monitoring potassium levels is essential for various medical conditions, but it is not specifically used to evaluate the effects of therapy for acute pancreatitis. Potassium levels may be monitored to assess overall electrolyte balance and kidney function, but they do not provide direct information about pancreatic inflammation or damage.
Choice B reason: Monitoring lipase levels is crucial in evaluating the effects of therapy for a patient with acute pancreatitis. Lipase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas, and its levels rise significantly during an acute episode of pancreatitis. Elevated lipase levels are a sensitive and specific indicator of pancreatic inflammation and damage. By regularly measuring lipase levels, healthcare providers can assess the severity of the condition, monitor the patient's response to treatment, and make necessary adjustments to the therapeutic regimen.
Choice C reason: Calcium levels are not typically used to evaluate the effects of therapy for acute pancreatitis. Although hypercalcemia (high calcium levels) can be a risk factor for developing pancreatitis, monitoring calcium levels is not a standard method for assessing the effectiveness of treatment for the condition.
Choice D reason: Bilirubin levels are not directly related to the evaluation of therapy for acute pancreatitis. Bilirubin is a breakdown product of hemoglobin and is primarily used to assess liver function and diagnose conditions such as jaundice or liver disease. While liver function tests may be performed in patients with pancreatitis to rule out concurrent liver issues, bilirubin levels alone do not provide information about the effectiveness of therapy for pancreatitis.
Correct Answer is ["B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: "I need to shop for foods low in sodium and avoid adding salt to food." This statement is correct and indicates appropriate understanding. Patients with SIADH need to manage their sodium intake carefully to avoid exacerbating hyponatremia.
Choice B reason: "I need to limit my fluid intake." This statement indicates a misunderstanding. Patients with SIADH should actually increase their fluid intake to help dilute the excess antidiuretic hormone and reduce hyponatremia. Limiting fluid intake can worsen the condition.
Choice C reason: "I should eat foods high in potassium because diuretics cause potassium loss." This statement is incorrect in the context of SIADH. While potassium intake is important for patients on diuretics, it is not directly related to SIADH management. The focus should be on managing fluid and sodium levels.
Choice D reason: "I should weigh myself daily and report sudden weight loss or gain." This statement is correct and indicates appropriate understanding. Regular weight monitoring is important for patients with SIADH to detect fluid imbalances early.
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