A 5-year-old child is experiencing diarrhea and the nurse is providing education to the parent about dietary changes. Which of the following foods should the parent avoid giving to the child during this time?

White rice

Applesauce

Fruit juice

Bananas

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. White rice is typically recommended during diarrhea as it is easy to digest and helps bind stools. It is part of the BRAT diet (bananas, rice, applesauce, toast), which is often advised during gastrointestinal upset.

B. Applesauce is also commonly recommended as part of the BRAT diet during diarrhea. It is gentle on the stomach and can help firm up stools.

C. Fruit juice should be avoided during diarrhea. It contains high levels of sugar and can worsen diarrhea by increasing the osmotic load in the intestines, potentially leading to more fluid loss.

D. Bananas are a good option during diarrhea as they are gentle on the stomach, provide potassium, and help bind stools. They are also part of the BRAT diet, which is often recommended for children with diarrhea.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Brisk pupillary reaction to light is a normal finding and does not indicate increased intracranial pressure (ICP). In fact, a sluggish or non-reactive pupil response is more indicative of increased ICP.

B. Increased sleepiness or lethargy is an early sign of increased ICP in infants. The brain’s response to rising pressure can cause altered mental status, which includes drowsiness or difficulty waking.

C. Tachycardia is not typically an early sign of increased ICP. As pressure increases, the heart rate can actually slow, and bradycardia (slower heart rate) is often seen in more advanced stages.

D. Depressed fontanels are not indicative of increased ICP. In fact, in infants, increased ICP is more commonly associated with bulging fontanels, not depressed ones. Depressed fontanels could indicate dehydration or malnutrition.

A. Constipation with foul-smelling, ribbon-like stool. B. "Currant jelly" stool. C. Passage of foul-smelling, fatty stools. D. Mucoid, bloody diarrhea.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct answer. Hirschsprung's disease causes a lack of nerve cells in the colon, leading to difficulty with bowel movement. The result is constipation and the passage of small, ribbon-like stools due to the narrowed areas of the colon. The stool can also be foul-smelling.

B. "Currant jelly" stool is typically associated with intussusception, not Hirschsprung's disease. This stool appears red and mucus-like and suggests a bowel obstruction or infection.

C. Foul-smelling, fatty stools (steatorrhea) are characteristic of malabsorption disorders like cystic fibrosis, not Hirschsprung's disease.

D. Mucoid, bloody diarrhea is more common in conditions like infectious colitis or inflammatory bowel disease, not Hirschsprung's disease.

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A 5-year-old child is experiencing diarrhea and the nurse is providing education to the parent about dietary changes. Which of the following foods should the parent avoid giving to the child during this time?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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