A 54 year-old client diagnosed with Bipolar disorder is clenching his jaw closed to avoid taking a prescribed oral medication. The nurse can use this observation to confirm the client is demonstrating motor function of which cranial nerve?

Vagus

Facial

Glossopharygeal

Trigeminal

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Vagus: The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is involved in regulating autonomic functions, such as heart rate and digestion. It does not play a significant role in controlling jaw movements or clenching.
B. Facial: The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) controls facial expressions, such as smiling or frowning, and also contributes to taste sensation in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. While it is related to facial motor function, it does not control the jaw muscles responsible for clenching.
C. Glossopharyngeal: The glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) is involved in taste sensation on the posterior one-third of the tongue, as well as in swallowing and salivation. It does not control the jaw muscles used for clenching.
D. Trigeminal: The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions related to chewing. It innervates the muscles of mastication, including those involved in clenching the jaw. The client’s jaw clenching is a direct manifestation of motor function associated with the trigeminal nerve.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A) Wear socks when walking around the home: Wearing socks, especially if they have smooth soles, can increase the risk of slipping on hard surfaces. Non-slip footwear is recommended for preventing falls. Therefore, recommending socks for walking may not address the safety concerns effectively.
B) Install grab bars in the bathtub: Installing grab bars in the bathtub is a crucial safety measure for preventing falls and providing support for older adults while bathing. This helps reduce the risk of slips and injuries in a common high-risk area for falls.
C) Secure rugs with adhesive tape: Securing rugs with adhesive tape helps prevent them from slipping, which can significantly reduce the risk of tripping and falling. Loose or unsecured rugs are common hazards in the home environment.
D) Use nightlights along stairways and walkways: Using nightlights along stairways and walkways improves visibility and helps prevent falls during the night. Adequate lighting is essential for older adults to navigate their homes safely.
E) Install handrails on both sides of all stairways: Installing handrails on both sides of stairways provides additional support and stability, which is particularly important for older adults to prevent falls while using stairs. This enhancement helps ensure safer navigation of stairs.

A. Delirium B. Sundowning C. Alzheimers D. Dementia

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Delirium: Delirium is characterized by a sudden onset of confusion, agitation, and fluctuating levels of consciousness. It often develops over a short period, such as hours to days, and is typically associated with an underlying medical condition, medication, or infection. The patient's rapid change from being oriented and calm to confused and agitated suggests a sudden onset, which is indicative of delirium.
B. Sundowning: Sundowning refers to a pattern of increased confusion and agitation that occurs in the late afternoon or evening, primarily in individuals with dementia. While it involves fluctuations in mental status, it does not usually present with a sudden onset of symptoms as described in this case.
C. Alzheimer’s: Alzheimer’s disease is a form of chronic dementia characterized by gradual and progressive cognitive decline over months to years. The sudden onset of confusion and agitation does not align with the gradual progression typical of Alzheimer's disease.
D. Dementia: Dementia is a general term for a decline in cognitive ability that affects daily life, usually developing gradually over time. Unlike delirium, dementia does not present with a sudden change in behavior or mental status, making it less likely in this scenario where the change was abrupt.

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A 54 year-old client diagnosed with Bipolar disorder is clenching his jaw closed to avoid taking a prescribed oral medication. The nurse can use this observation to confirm the client is demonstrating motor function of which cranial nerve?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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