A 55-year-old patient is diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Which factors are associated with an increased risk of developing this type of cancer?
(Select All that Apply.)
A diet rich in fruits and vegetables
Moderate alcohol consumption
A diet high in red and processed meats
Low body mass index (BMI)
Genetic factors such as having a family history of colorectal cancer
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
Regular physical activity
Correct Answer : C,E,F
A. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is generally protective against colorectal cancer due to the high fiber content and antioxidants, reducing cancer risk.
B. Moderate alcohol consumption can increase the risk of colorectal cancer, as alcohol has been linked to inflammation and changes in gut microbiota, which may contribute to carcinogenesis.
C. A diet high in red and processed meats has been strongly associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer due to the presence of carcinogenic substances like nitrates and heterocyclic amines in processed meats.
D. A low body mass index (BMI) is actually protective against cancer in general, as obesity is a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer due to its association with increased inflammation and insulin resistance.
E. Genetic factors such as having a family history of colorectal cancer increase the risk significantly. Inherited syndromes like familial adenomatous polyposis or Lynch syndrome increase the likelihood of developing this cancer.
F. Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis increase the risk of colorectal cancer due to the prolonged inflammation and cellular damage they cause in the colon.
G. Regular physical activity has a protective effect against colorectal cancer by reducing inflammation, improving immune function, and regulating bowel movement.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Increasing the oxygen flow rate could worsen respiratory depression in patients with COPD, as they rely on low oxygen levels to stimulate breathing.
B. Switching to a non-rebreather mask could further elevate the oxygen levels and may lead to hypoventilation or respiratory distress.
C. Monitoring the patient closely and reassessing in 30 minutes might be appropriate if the patient shows no immediate signs of respiratory distress, but the priority is to address the decreased respiratory rate.
D. Reducing the oxygen flow rate to 1 L/min and notifying the healthcare provider is the most appropriate action, as it may reduce the risk of respiratory depression caused by excessive oxygen.
Correct Answer is ["90"]
Explanation
Calculate the required dosage: 5 mg/kg/hour × 72 kg = 360 mg/hour.
Determine the volume required based on the concentration: 360 mg ÷ (400 mg/100 mL) = 90 mL/hour.
The correct infusion rate is 90 mL/hour for this patient.
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