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A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition through a nasogastric tube. Which interventions should the nurse implement to ensure safe and effective enteral feeding?
(Select All that Apply.)

Position the patient supine during feeding to enhance comfort.

Monitor gastric residual volumes regularly.

Administer all feedings rapidly to decrease procedure time.

Use sterile gloves when handling the feeding tube.

Flush the tube with water before and after medication administration.

Elevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees during feeding.

Verify tube placement before starting the feeding.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,E,F,G

A.   Positioning the patient supine can increase the risk of aspiration and should be avoided during feeding. The head of the bed should be elevated instead.
B.   Monitoring gastric residual volumes is important to assess the tolerance of the feeding and prevent aspiration.
C.   Feedings should be given slowly to avoid complications like gastric distention, not rapidly.
D.   Using sterile gloves when handling a feeding tube is not necessary unless there is a risk for infection, but clean gloves are generally adequate.
E.   Flushing the tube with water before and after medication administration helps to maintain patency and prevent clogging.
F.   The head of the bed should be elevated at least 30 degrees during feeding to reduce the risk of aspiration.
G.   Verifying tube placement before starting the feeding ensures that the feeding is going into the stomach and not the lungs.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Furosemide is a diuretic and is not associated with PML.
B. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker and does not cause PML.
C. Natalizumab is an immunosuppressant used for multiple sclerosis and has been linked to the development of PML, a serious brain infection.
D. Pregabalin is used for neuropathic pain and does not carry a risk for PML.

A. Drink fruit juices instead of whole fruits to avoid fiber. B. Eliminate all carbohydrates from the diet. C. Increase intake of high-per foods such as vegetables and whole grains. D. Consume high-protein, high-fat meals to maintain satiety.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Drinking fruit juices instead of whole fruits may increase blood sugar levels due to the lack of fiber in juices. Whole fruits are better for blood glucose control.
B. Eliminating all carbohydrates is not advisable, as carbohydrates are necessary for energy. A balanced diet with controlled carbohydrates is recommended.
C. Increasing the intake of high-fiber foods like vegetables and whole grains helps regulate blood glucose levels by slowing digestion and improving insulin sensitivity.
D. Consuming high-protein, high-fat meals could negatively affect blood sugar levels and cardiovascular health, which is a concern for diabetics.

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A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition through a nasogastric tube. Which interventions should the nurse implement to ensure safe and effective enteral feeding? (Select All that Apply.)

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A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition through a nasogastric tube. Which interventions should the nurse implement to ensure safe and effective enteral feeding?
(Select All that Apply.)