A 65-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes has a urinary tract infection (UTI). The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reported to the nurse that the patient's blood glucose is 642 mg/dL and the patient is hard to arouse. When the nurse assesses the urine, there are no ketones present.

What collaborative care should the nurse expect for this patient?

Administer IV fluids rapidly to correct dehydration.

Routine insulin therapy and exercise

Cardiac monitoring to detect potassium changes

Administer a different antibiotic for the UTI.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale: This patient is likely experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). Rapid administration of IV fluids is crucial to correct severe dehydration associated with HHS.

Choice B rationale: Routine insulin therapy and exercise might be components of diabetes management but wouldn't directly address the immediate concern of severe dehydration and high blood glucose.

Choice C rationale: Cardiac monitoring for potassium changes might be necessary but isn't the primary immediate intervention for HHS.

Choice D rationale: Administering a different antibiotic for the UTI is incorrect, because there is no evidence that the current antibiotic is ineffective or causing adverse effects. The UTI may have triggered the HHS, but it is not the main problem that needs to be addressed urgently.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: This refers to postrenal AKI, which is caused by an obstruction in the urinary tract that prevents urine from leaving the body.

Choice B rationale: This refers to AKI in general and is not specific compared to choice D.

Choice C rationale: This refers to intrinsic AKI, which is caused by damage to the kidney tissue or cells from various causes, such as inflammation, infection, toxins, or ischemia.

Choice D rationale: This is correct because it is pre-renal AKI, a condition in which kidney blood flow may become significantly reduced, including cases where a significant amount of fluid has been lost. This situation suggests potential hypovolemia (low blood volume) due to the massive GI bleed, which can lead to reduced kidney blood flow and subsequent acute kidney injury.

A. Smokes 1 pack of cigarettes per day B. Drinks one alcoholic beverage per day C. Large body stature D. History of bone fracture during childhood

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis as it can interfere with calcium absorption and decrease bone density.

Choice B rationale: Moderate alcohol consumption isn't a significant risk factor for osteoporosis.

Choice C rationale: Generally, having a larger body stature is not considered a significant risk factor for osteoporosis.

Choice D rationale: While fractures during childhood can affect bone health, they might not necessarily predict osteoporosis risk in adulthood.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A-55-year old male patient is admitted with a massive GI bleed. The patient is at risk for what type of acute kidney injury?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse in a clinic is assessing a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who is admitted with a hemorrhagic stroke. Which nursing action should be included in the plan of care?

The nurse is most likely to report which finding to the primary care provider for a client who has an established colostomy?

The RN is serving as preceptor to a new graduate nurse who has recently passed the RN licensure (NCLEX®) examination. The new nurse has only been on the unit for 2 days. Which patient should be assigned to the new graduate nurse?

The nurse cares for a client six hours post-operative following a transurethral resection of a prostate (TURP). Exhibits here The client is demonstrating signs and symptoms of ?

A client is admitted to the hospital with a traumatic brain injury after his head violently struck a brick wall during a gang fight. Which finding is most important for the nurse to assess further?

What information should the nurse include when teaching a young women's community service group about breast self-examination (BSE)?

Which of the following describes the correct procedure for testing for Kernig's sign?

While reviewing the clinical history of a client with brain injury, the nurse finds that there is a periorbital ecchymosis, which is referred to as raccoon eyes. The client also has leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the nose. Which fracture should the nurse suspect in the client?