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A 7-year-old patient is admitted with vomiting and diarrhea of 3 days' duration. The patient is started on IV therapy. A sign that he is receiving too much or too rapid IV fluid, when compared with previous data would be:

sudden vomiting

very rapid pulse rate

decreasing urine output

full, bounding pulse

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. sudden vomiting: Could indicate many issues, but not specific to fluid overload.

B. very rapid pulse rate: Tachycardia is common in dehydration, not overload.

C. decreasing urine output: This is more consistent with dehydration or kidney dysfunction.

D. full, bounding pulse: This is a sign of circulatory overload, along with other symptoms like edema or pulmonary congestion.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Acidic: Acidity refers to pH, not solute concentration.

B. Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell, causing water to enter the cell.

C. Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration and pulls water out of cells.

D. Isotonic: Isotonic solutions have equal solute concentration and do not cause fluid shifts.

A. skin B. lungs C. rectum D. kidney

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Skin: Some electrolytes are lost via sweat, but not the major route.

B. Lungs: Lungs excrete CO₂ but not most electrolytes.

C. Rectum: Some are excreted via feces, but the amount is minimal.

D. Kidney: The kidneys regulate and excrete electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and calcium.

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A 7-year-old patient is admitted with vomiting and diarrhea of 3 days' duration. The patient is started on IV therapy. A sign that he is receiving too much or too rapid IV fluid, when compared with previous data would be:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When a solution has the same concentration as the fluid within the cell, that solution is:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The major route of excretion of all electrolytes from the body is via the:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Weight gain or loss gives the nurse information regarding change in body fluids. The nurse should be aware that 1 liter of fluid weighs:

A 76-year-old patient is admitted with vomiting and diarrhea of 3 days' duration. Besides assessing skin condition when looking for signs of dehydration, the nurse would look for: (select all that apply.)

Which structure is responsible for evaporative water loss?

Fluid having a concentration of electrolytes that expands volume but does not cause a fluid shift in or out of the cells would be considered

The most abundant anion in plasma membranes is:

An example of interstitial fluid is:

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Antidiuretic hormone: