A 70-year-old patient is diagnosed with cataracts and is discussing treatment options with their healthcare provider. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for cataracts?
Prescription glasses to improve vision
Laser therapy to dissolve cataracts
Use of anti-inflammatory eye drops
Cataract surgery to replace the clouded lens with an artificial lens
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A Reason:
Prescription glasses can help improve vision in the early stages of cataracts by compensating for changes in the lens. However, they do not treat the underlying condition. As cataracts progress, glasses become less effective, and surgery becomes necessary to restore clear vision.
Choice B Reason:
Laser therapy is not used to dissolve cataracts. Instead, it is sometimes used after cataract surgery to treat a condition called posterior capsule opacification, which can occur months or years after the initial surgery. This procedure, known as YAG laser capsulotomy, helps to clear the vision but does not address the primary cataract.
Choice C Reason:
Anti-inflammatory eye drops can be used to manage inflammation and discomfort associated with cataracts or cataract surgery. However, they do not treat or remove the cataract itself. These drops are often part of the post-operative care following cataract surgery.
Choice D Reason:
Cataract surgery is the most effective treatment for cataracts. During the procedure, the clouded natural lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL). This surgery significantly improves vision and is considered the definitive treatment for cataracts.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Diabetes Insipidus (DI) is characterized by excessive urination and thirst due to a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or a renal insensitivity to ADH. Patients with DI typically present with hypernatremia (high serum sodium) and low urine osmolality, which contrasts with the findings of low serum sodium and high urine osmolality in this patient.
Choice B Reason:
Adrenal insufficiency can cause hyponatremia and hyperkalemia due to a deficiency in aldosterone and cortisol. However, it usually presents with low serum osmolality and low urine sodium, which does not align with the patient’s laboratory results of high urine osmolality and elevated urine sodium.
Choice C Reason:
Hyperaldosteronism leads to increased sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion, resulting in hypernatremia and hypokalemia. This condition does not match the patient’s findings of hyponatremia and high urine osmolality.
Choice D Reason:
Syndrome of inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is characterized by excessive release of ADH, leading to water retention, hyponatremia, and concentrated urine. The patient’s laboratory results of low serum sodium, low serum osmolality, high urine osmolality, and elevated urine sodium are consistent with SIADH. This condition causes the kidneys to reabsorb water, diluting the blood and concentrating the urine.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Caffeine-rich beverages are not recommended for patients with Meniere’s disease. Caffeine can exacerbate symptoms such as vertigo and tinnitus by increasing the fluid pressure in the inner ear. Therefore, avoiding caffeine is generally advised to help manage the condition.
Choice B Reason:
A low-sodium diet is an appropriate treatment for Meniere’s disease. Reducing sodium intake helps decrease fluid retention in the body, including the inner ear, which can alleviate symptoms such as vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss. This dietary modification is a cornerstone of managing Meniere’s disease and can significantly improve the patient’s quality of life.
Choice C Reason:
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is not suitable for patients with Meniere’s disease. Intense physical activity can trigger vertigo attacks and worsen balance issues. Patients are generally advised to engage in moderate, low-impact exercises that do not provoke symptoms.
Choice D Reason:
Prolonged bed rest is not an appropriate treatment for Meniere’s disease. While rest may be necessary during acute vertigo attacks, long-term bed rest can lead to deconditioning and other health issues. It is important for patients to maintain a balance between rest and activity to manage their symptoms effectively.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today