A 9-week-old infant is scheduled for a cleft lip repair. What information is most important for the nurse to convey to the surgeon before transporting the infant to the surgical suite?
Urine specific gravity is 1.011
White blood cell count of 10,000/mm³
Weight gain of 2 pounds (0.91 kg) since birth
Red blood cell count of 2.3 x 10²/L
The Correct Answer is D
Answer is... Choice D. Red blood cell count of 2.3 x 10²/L.
Choice A rationale:
In considering the 9-week-old infant scheduled for a cleft lip repair, it's crucial to evaluate various physiological parameters to ensure optimal surgical outcomes. The urine specific gravity of 1.011 falls within the normal range for infants, typically ranging from 1.001 to 1.020. This parameter primarily reflects the concentration of solutes in the urine and is influenced by hydration status. While deviations from the normal range may indicate certain renal conditions or hydration imbalances, a value of 1.011 alone does not signify a critical concern warranting immediate attention before surgery.
Choice B rationale:
A white blood cell count of 10,000/mm³ suggests a normal leukocyte count within the expected range for infants. The normal range for white blood cell count in infants is approximately 6,000 to 17,000/mm³. This parameter serves as an indicator of the body's immune response and can elevate in response to infection or inflammation. However, in the absence of clinical signs or symptoms suggestive of infection, such as fever or localized inflammation at the surgical site, a white blood cell count of 10,000/mm³ is not indicative of an urgent issue necessitating immediate communication with the surgeon.
Choice C rationale:
Weight gain of 2 pounds (0.91 kg) since birth is a positive indicator of growth and development in the infant. Infants typically exhibit rapid weight gain during the first few months of life, with an average weight gain of approximately 0.5 to 1 ounce per day or 1 to 2 pounds per month. This signifies adequate nutritional intake and physiological growth, which are essential for surgical readiness and postoperative recovery. However, while weight gain is an important parameter to monitor in pediatric patients, it does not directly impact the immediate preoperative considerations for a cleft lip repair.
Choice D rationale:
The red blood cell count of 2.3 x 10²/L is the most critical parameter requiring communication with the surgeon before transporting the infant to the surgical suite. A red blood cell count below the normal range can indicate anemia, which may pose risks during surgery, including impaired oxygen delivery to tissues and compromised hemostasis. Normal red blood cell counts in infants typically range from 3.9 to 5.2 x 10^12/L. Anemia in pediatric patients can result from various etiologies, including nutritional deficiencies, hemolytic disorders, or bone marrow suppression. Communicating a low red blood cell count ensures that the surgical team is aware of this potential risk factor and can take appropriate measures, such as transfusion or adjustments to the surgical plan, to mitigate perioperative complications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is: C
Choice A reason: Comparing the child’s vital signs over the past three weeks could provide data on any changes in his physical health status. However, without additional context, this information alone may not be sufficient to determine the cause of his symptoms. Vital signs are typically within the following ranges for a healthy 10-year-old: temperature 97.8°F to 99.1°F (36.5°C to 37.3°C), pulse 70 to 110 beats per minute, respirations 17 to 22 breaths per minute, and blood pressure 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg.
Choice B reason: Counseling the parents to pay more attention to the child might be helpful if the child’s symptoms are due to emotional neglect or lack of parental involvement. However, this intervention assumes that the parents are not attentive without evidence and does not directly address the child’s reported symptoms.
Choice C reason: Asking the boy to describe a typical day at school is a non-invasive way to gather more information about potential stressors or issues that could be contributing to his symptoms. This approach can help identify if the symptoms are related to school environment, bullying, academic pressure, or other psychosocial factors.
Choice D reason: Conducting a complete neurological assessment would be appropriate if there were specific indications of neurological issues. Since the boy’s symptoms are non-specific and could be related to a variety of causes, including stress or anxiety, a neurological assessment might not be the most immediate step without further evidence suggesting a neurological cause.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
When caring for a child in balanced suspension skeletal traction using a Thomas splint and Pearson attachment to the right femur, the most important intervention for the nurse to implement is monitoring peripheral pulses and sensation in the right leg. This is crucial because the traction places tension on the bones, which can result in nerve or vascular damage. Changes in peripheral pulses and sensation can indicate potential complications, such as compromised blood flow or nerve compression, which need immediate attention to prevent further damage.
Choice B rationale
While cleansing pin sites as prescribed is important for infection prevention, it is not the most critical intervention in the context of assessing vascular and neurologic status.
Choice C rationale
Assessing skin for redness and signs of tissue breakdown is important for skin care and preventing pressure ulcers, but it is secondary to monitoring peripheral pulses and sensations when the child is in traction.
Choice D rationale
Changing position every 2 hours is a standard nursing practice to prevent pressure ulcers and provide comfort, but it does not take precedence over monitoring circulation and sensation in the affected limb.
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