A child has been diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and is being treated with chemotherapy. Because many chemotherapeutic agents cause bone marrow suppression, the nurse, before administering the chemotherapy, will determine if this child has any infection-fighting capability by monitoring the:

Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

Eosinophils

Red blood cell count (RBC)

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is the best indicator of a child's ability to fight infection. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell crucial for fighting bacterial infections, and chemotherapy can suppress bone marrow production of neutrophils. The ANC helps assess the risk for infection and the need for additional precautions, such as infection control.

B. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that primarily respond to allergies and parasitic infections, and their count is not used to assess infection risk in chemotherapy patients.

C. The red blood cell count (RBC) is important for assessing oxygen-carrying capacity but does not directly relate to infection-fighting ability.

D. Hemoglobin (Hgb) reflects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, not the body's ability to fight infection.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Administer an antiemetic before chemotherapy begins is the most appropriate action. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting can be anticipated, so administering an antiemetic before treatment helps to prevent these symptoms from occurring. This proactive approach is standard practice to manage chemotherapy side effects.

B. Encourage drinking large amounts of favorite fluids may help with hydration, but it doesn't specifically target nausea or vomiting. It’s better to focus on a strategy to directly prevent these symptoms, such as using antiemetics.

C. Offer frequent small meals before and after chemotherapy may help with general appetite and nutrition, but it doesn't directly address nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy.

D. Provide the child's favorite music as a distraction can be helpful for comfort but does not address the underlying issue of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

A. Manifestations that could indicate a sepsis infection B. Long-term effects that result from a prolonged recovery C. Blood pressure that could indicate hypertension D. Heart problems that result from cardiac dysfunction E. A decrease in body temperature as a sign of bacterial meningitis progression

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A. Manifestations that could indicate a sepsis infection should be monitored closely as bacterial meningitis can lead to septicemia. Signs such as low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, and poor perfusion need immediate attention.

B. Long-term effects that result from a prolonged recovery should be considered. Children recovering from bacterial meningitis may develop complications such as hearing loss, cognitive delays, or motor impairments, requiring long-term follow-up.

C. Blood pressure that could indicate hypertension should be monitored, as increased intracranial pressure (ICP) from meningitis may lead to systemic hypertension, an important parameter to manage during acute illness.

D. Heart problems that result from cardiac dysfunction are not commonly associated with bacterial meningitis itself. However, indirect complications such as septic shock could affect cardiac function, although this is less direct.

E. A decrease in body temperature as a sign of bacterial meningitis progression is incorrect. Hypothermia is not typically a sign of meningitis progression. Fever is a more common manifestation of bacterial meningitis and should be monitored instead.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A school-age child with leukemia experienced severe nausea and vomiting when receiving chemotherapy for the first time. Which is the most appropriate nursing action to prevent or minimize these reactions with subsequent treatments?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

. A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. Which of the following should the nurse monitor in the child? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

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