A child has epistaxis while at school. Which intervention by the school nurse is appropriate?

Immediately packing the nares with cotton with neo-synephrine

Tilting the child’s head forward, squeezing below the nasal bone, and applying ice to the nose

Tilting the child’s head back, squeezing the bridge of the nose, and applying a warm pack to the nose

Lying the child down and applying a warm pack

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

a) Immediately packing the nares with cotton with neo-synephrine: Packing the nose immediately is not usually recommended as a first aid measure and should be done by a healthcare professional.

b) Tilting the child’s head forward, squeezing below the nasal bone, and applying ice to the nose: Correct first aid for epistaxis involves tilting the head forward to prevent swallowing of blood, applying pressure below the nasal bone, and using ice to constrict blood vessels.

c) Tilting the child’s head back, squeezing the bridge of the nose, and applying a warm pack to the nose: Tilting the head back can cause blood to flow down the throat and potentially lead to swallowing or choking on blood.

d) Lying the child down and applying a warm pack: Lying down may increase the risk of swallowing blood and should be avoided during a nosebleed.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a) Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR): Does not directly protect against epiglottitis.

b) Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP): While important for other diseases, does not directly prevent epiglottitis.

c) Hepatitis B: Provides immunity against hepatitis B, not epiglottitis.

d) Hemophilus influenzae type B (Hib): The Hib vaccine specifically targets Haemophilus influenzae type B bacteria, which is the main cause of epiglottitis. Immunization with the Hib vaccine has dramatically reduced the incidence of epiglottitis and other serious infections caused by Hib.

A. You should always have an antihistamine like Benadryl with you at all times B. If it happens again I will teach you what to do C. I will teach how to use an epi-pen D. You can start a desensitization process to take the allergy away

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a) Having antihistamines like Benadryl is beneficial, but in severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), an epinephrine auto-injector (epi-pen) is the first-line treatment and can be life-saving.

b) Waiting for the next occurrence without preparation is risky. Immediate action is crucial in severe allergic reactions.

c) Teaching how to use an epi-pen is crucial for managing severe allergic reactions. It provides rapid relief by counteracting anaphylaxis until emergency help arrives.

d) Desensitization processes are not immediate solutions and are typically conducted under medical supervision.

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A child has epistaxis while at school. Which intervention by the school nurse is appropriate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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