A client age 56 years is experiencing withdrawal from alcohol and is placing themselves at risk for falls by repeatedly attempting to scale the bedrails. Benzodiazepines have failed to alleviate the client's agitation, and the nurse is considering obtaining an order for physical restraints to ensure client safety. The nurse should recognize that this measure may constitute:

Harm.

Paternalism.

Deception.

Advocacy.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. While physical restraints may potentially cause harm, the intention in this case is to ensure safety, so it isn't directly categorized as harm.
B. Paternalism involves making decisions for the patient without their consent, believing it's for their own good, which is what the nurse is considering by using restraints for safety.
C. Deception is not involved in this situation, as the nurse is not misrepresenting the circumstances.
D. Advocacy would involve advocating for the patient's autonomy, which may not align with using restraints without the patient's consent.

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Correct Answer is ["A","G"]

Explanation

A. Requesting a consultation by the facility's Ethics Committee is appropriate because it can provide guidance in resolving the ethical conflict between the parents' differing views and the principle of autonomy for the child.
B. Relying on other medical interventions to support the client's needs related to the drop-in hemoglobin is not correct. While alternative treatments may be considered, this would not resolve the ethical conflict regarding the blood transfusion and does not directly address the dilemma between the parents.
C. Discussing at length the impact refusing the blood transfusion on the client's prognosis is not the best initial step. Although it may be helpful to provide this information, the core issue here is parental disagreement and religious beliefs, which should be addressed through legal or ethical consultations rather than simply offering further explanations.
D. Relaying the decision until it's apparent the hemoglobin level is dropping even lower is not appropriate. Delaying the decision may jeopardize the patient's life and does not respect the urgency of the situation or resolve the parental conflict.
E. Asking that other members of the client's immediate family provide insight regarding the client's view on blood transfusions is not the most effective option. While family members may have insight, this does not resolve the conflict between the parents and may not be legally binding.
F. Arranging for a Jehovah's Witness clergy member to discuss the situation with the client's father may provide some guidance, but it is unlikely to resolve the legal and ethical conflict about the blood transfusion. A clergy member's intervention is helpful in supporting religious beliefs but does not address the medical or legal implications of the decision.
G. Applying to the court system to arbitrate the conflict may be necessary if the parents cannot reach a consensus and if the medical team believes that the life-saving treatment should proceed. The court can make decisions based on the best interests of the child, particularly when there is a disagreement between parents.

A. Elevated ST segment B. Wide QRS C. Inverted P wave D. Abnormally prominent U wave

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Elevated ST segment is typically seen with conditions like pericarditis or acute myocardial injury, not hypokalemia.
B. Wide QRS could be related to various conditions, including bundle branch block or electrolyte disturbances, but it is not specifically indicative of hypokalemia.
C. Inverted P wave could be due to atrial arrhythmias but is not a hallmark of hypokalemia.
D. Abnormally prominent U wave is a classic sign of hypokalemia and is often seen following the T wave on an EKG.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","G"]

Explanation

The nurse in the ED is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has prolonged vomiting. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hypokalemia?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The client experienced abdominal surgery the previous day and has just received an opioid medication for report of pain. The client is sitting in a chair next to the bed. An additional activity that the nurse uses to relieve pain is:

A nurse is paying particular attention to the spiritual needs of a client today. The nurse identifies that spiritual beliefs can have a positive effect on general health of a client in which ways? Select all that apply.

Which combinations of drugs have been found to be effective in managing the pain associated with musculoskeletal and soft tissue inflammation?

A nurse demonstrates the professional value known as altruism when caring for clients in a long-term care facility. What nursing action demonstrates this behavior?

Which nutritional interventions is a priority for the patient with renal disease who is receiving dialysis?

Which therapeutic technique may be used to enhance coping in the critical care environment?

Which ethical principle is most important when soliciting informed consent from a patient?

A patient is admitted with severe malnutrition. A central venous catheter is placed in the right subclavian vein and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is started. For which complication should the patient be evaluated immediately after insertion of the catheter?