A client calls the clinic and tells the nurse that he was bitten by a tick and is afraid he has Lyme disease. How long does the nurse understand that the tick must be attached to Lyme disease?

cryptorchidism as an infant. Cryptorchidism, or undescended testicles, is a known risk factor for testicular cancer. During fetal development, the testicles form in the abdomen and descend into the scrotum before birth. Failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scrotum can increase the risk of testicular cancer later in life. Therefore, a history of cryptorchidism as an infant is the most important assessment finding to identify clients at higher risk of developing testicular cancer.

Choice A, previous sexually transmitted infection (STI), is incorrect because although STIs can increase the risk of certain types of cancer, they are not a significant risk factor for testicular cancer.

Choice C, low sperm count, is incorrect because although low sperm count can be associated with testicular cancer, it is not a reliable indicator for determining a higher risk for testicular cancer. Low sperm count may also be caused by various other factors, such as hormonal imbalances, infections, varicocele, and genetic abnormalities. While it is important to monitor and treat low sperm count, it is not a definitive indicator of testicular cancer risk.

The term for severe itching is "pruritus," so the nurse should document the client's complaint as such. Pruritus can be caused by a variety of factors, including allergic reactions, skin conditions, and liver or kidney disease.

The nurse should assess the client's skin for any visible signs of irritation or rash and ask about any recent changes in medications or diet. Treatment for pruritus will depend on the underlying cause but may include topical or oral medications, cool compresses, or avoiding irritants.