A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is considering cognitive behavioral therapy. The client asks the nurse how this therapy would help alleviate depressive thoughts. What is the best response by the nurse?

"This therapy helps you learn to think more positively, and thereby reduce depressive thoughts and symptoms."

"In this therapy, you will explore past events and analyze how these events have affected your behavior and thoughts."

"This type of therapy focuses on how you use defense mechanisms to feel more comfortable and content."

"The purpose of this therapy is to determine how to get psychological needs met through interpersonal relationships."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "This therapy helps you learn to think more positively, and thereby reduce depressive
thoughts and symptoms." Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) aims to identify and challenge negative thought patterns and replace them with more positive and realistic thinking, which can help alleviate symptoms of depression.

B. "In this therapy, you will explore past events and analyze how these events have affected your behavior and thoughts." This description is more characteristic of psychodynamic therapy, not cognitive behavioral therapy.

C. "This type of therapy focuses on how you use defense mechanisms to feel more comfortable and content." This description aligns more with psychodynamic therapy, not cognitive behavioral therapy.

D. "The purpose of this therapy is to determine how to get psychological needs met through
interpersonal relationships." This statement does not accurately describe cognitive behavioral
therapy, which primarily focuses on identifying and changing maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Neologisms refer to made-up words or phrases that have meaning only to the individual. The client's response does not include invented terms but rather consists of real words that are nonsensically grouped.

B. Echolalia is the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others. The client's response does not reflect repetition of the nurse's words but rather a disjointed response of their own.

C. Pressured speech involves rapid and often incoherent speech that reflects a sense of urgency. The client's response lacks the rapid flow characteristic of pressured speech.

D. Clang association is characterized by speech in which the individual connects words based on their sound rather than their meaning. The client's response ("medications, abbreviations, deviations, mediations") demonstrates this pattern, as the words are linked by similar sounds rather than by content or coherent thought.

A. "I have not drunk anything in the last day." B. "I can't worry about that problem right now." C. "I have to drink to relax to come to day treatment." D. "Why does it matter to you if I drink?"

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect. This statement is a straightforward denial rather than rationalization.
B) Incorrect. This response is an example of avoidance or distraction, not rationalization.
C) Correct. Rationalization involves offering logical or reasonable explanations to justify behaviors or actions that might otherwise be unacceptable. In this case, the client is rationalizing her alcohol consumption as a means to relax and cope with the day treatment.

D) Incorrect. This statement reflects a defensive response but is not an example of rationalization.

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A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is considering cognitive behavioral therapy. The client asks the nurse how this therapy would help alleviate depressive thoughts. What is the best response by the nurse?

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A female client staggers to day treatment smelling strongly of alcohol. She uses the defense mechanism "rationalization" when approached by the nurse and questioned about her recent alcohol consumption. How is this expressed?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has been diagnosed with major depression and placed on amitriptyline. Which is a side effect of amitriptyline?

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. What is the primary manifestation of this disorder?

A client with schizophrenia has begun a new prescription of clozapine. The nurse should assess the result of which laboratory study to monitor for adverse effects?

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