A client has a new prescription of spironolactone (Aldactone), and wants to learn about how the mechanism of action of this medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse explain to the client?
This medication works in the high-ceiling loop diuretics work in the loop of Henle. It blocks the reabsorption of sodium and chloride and prevents the reabsorption of water, which causes extensive diuresis even with severe renal impairment
This medication works in the distal tubule to block the reabsorption of sodium and chloride and prevents the reabsorption of water.
This medication reduces intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure by raising serum osmolality and drawing fluid back into the vascular and extravascular space.
This medication blocks the action of aldosterone (sodium and water retention), which results in potassium retention and the excretion of sodium and water.
The Correct Answer is D
A. This statement is incorrect because spironolactone is not a loop diuretic and does not act in the loop of Henle. It works in the distal tubules of the kidney.
B. This description is more accurate for thiazide diuretics. Spironolactone works as an aldosterone antagonist and primarily affects sodium and water retention.
C. This description applies to osmotic diuretics like mannitol, not spironolactone.
D. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that works by blocking aldosterone, preventing sodium and water retention, while promoting the retention of potassium.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This describes an antagonist, not an agonist.
B. Agonists are medications that bind to receptors and mimic the actions of naturally occurring substances in the body.
C. This is incorrect because agonists generally have a high affinity for their receptors and activate them.
D. This is incorrect, as option B accurately describes an agonist.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A blood potassium level of 3.9 mEq/L is normal and does not require intervention.
B. Urine output of 500 mL in 5 hours is not concerning and is within the expected range.
C. A blood potassium level of 8 mEq/L is dangerously high, indicating hyperkalemia, which can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias.
D. Urine output of 200 mL in 4 hours could be a concern for dehydration or renal issues, but it is not directly related to spironolactone use.
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