A client in acute renal failure has been admitted into the Med Surgical ICU due to hypovolemic shock. The client's family asks the nurse why the client has developed acute renal failure. The nurse's best response is?
This occurred because there was an obstruction of urine flow from the kidneys
This occurs because there was a decrease in blood flow to the kidneys
This occurred because there was structural damage to the kidneys resulting in acute tubular necrosis
This occurred because a blood cat formed in the kidneys
The Correct Answer is B
A. Obstruction of urine flow can lead to prerenal or postrenal acute kidney injury, but hypovolemic shock is a cause of decreased blood flow to the kidneys, not obstruction.
B. Hypovolemic shock leads to decreased blood flow to the kidneys, which can cause acute renal failure. This is the most appropriate cause of acute renal failure in the context of hypovolemic shock.
C. Acute tubular necrosis is a result of prolonged ischemia or direct kidney injury and may follow decreased blood flow, but the primary cause in this case is hypovolemic shock.
D. A blood clot in the kidneys may cause acute renal failure but is not the typical cause in hypovolemic shock.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Temperature 36.1° C (97.0°F): A low or normal temperature is not indicative of organ rejection. Fever (≥ 38°C / 100.4°F) is a more concerning sign and may suggest rejection or infection.
B. Weight loss: Rejection often leads to fluid retention, not weight loss. Clients may actually experience weight gain due to fluid overload.
C. Hypertension: Hypertension is a key indicator of acute kidney rejection due to inflammation and impaired kidney function, leading to fluid retention and increased blood pressure. Rejection can cause renal vascular resistance and reduced urine output, leading to fluid overload and elevated blood pressure.
D. Insomnia: Insomnia is not a direct symptom of rejection. It may be due to medications like corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone), anxiety, or post-transplant stress.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Taking cyclosporine long-term is standard for preventing organ rejection in kidney transplant recipients.
B. Engaging in high-contact sports like football is not advisable immediately post-transplant due to the risk of injury and compromised immunity.
C. Frequent lab monitoring is necessary to assess for complications such as infection, organ rejection, and medication side effects.
D. Monitoring fluid status through daily weights is essential to detect fluid retention or dehydration.
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