A client in acute renal failure has been admitted into the Med Surgical ICU due to hypovolemic shock. The client's family asks the nurse why the client has developed acute renal failure. The nurse's best response is?

This occurred because there was an obstruction of urine flow from the kidneys

This occurs because there was a decrease in blood flow to the kidneys

This occurred because there was structural damage to the kidneys resulting in acute tubular necrosis

This occurred because a blood cat formed in the kidneys

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Obstruction of urine flow can lead to prerenal or postrenal acute kidney injury, but hypovolemic shock is a cause of decreased blood flow to the kidneys, not obstruction.

B. Hypovolemic shock leads to decreased blood flow to the kidneys, which can cause acute renal failure. This is the most appropriate cause of acute renal failure in the context of hypovolemic shock.

C. Acute tubular necrosis is a result of prolonged ischemia or direct kidney injury and may follow decreased blood flow, but the primary cause in this case is hypovolemic shock.

D. A blood clot in the kidneys may cause acute renal failure but is not the typical cause in hypovolemic shock.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Weight loss is a common concern in clients with chronic kidney disease, but it is not the primary concern in this scenario.

B. Swelling in the legs may occur with renal dysfunction but is less concerning than abdominal tenderness, which is indicative of a possible peritoneal infection.

C. Itching in the upper chest may be a symptom of uremia, but abdominal tenderness is more urgent when ruling out a peritoneal infection.

D. Abdominal tenderness is a key sign of peritoneal infection, which requires immediate attention as it can lead to peritonitis.

A. Weight gain B. Creatinine level of 1.0 (0.6-1.2 mg/dL) C. GFR of 100 mL/min (>90 ml/min) D. Weight loss

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Weight gain is typically seen in the oliguric phase, not the diuresis phase. In the diuresis phase, the client is excreting excess fluid, leading to weight loss.

B. A creatinine level of 1.0 is within the normal range and would not be expected during the diuresis phase of acute kidney injury, when creatinine levels would still be elevated.

C. GFR of 100 mL/min is normal, but in acute kidney injury, the GFR would be decreased. A GFR above 90 mL/min would not be expected in the diuresis phase.

D. Weight loss is a key finding in the diuresis phase due to the loss of excess fluids as the kidneys begin to recover.

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A client in acute renal failure has been admitted into the Med Surgical ICU due to hypovolemic shock. The client's family asks the nurse why the client has developed acute renal failure. The nurse's best response is?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client has been admitted into the Dialysis unit to rule out a peritoneal infection. Which of the following clinical findings should the nurse be MOST concerned with when caring for this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client in the diuresis phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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