A critical care nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. The nurse knows this client should be started on parenteral nutrition (PN) after what indications?
5% deficit in body weight compared to pre-illness weight and increased caloric need.
Significant risk of aspiration coupled with decreased level of consciousness.
Calorie deficit and muscle wasting combined with low electrolyte levels.
Inability to take in adequate oral food or fluids within 7 days.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A 5% deficit in body weight and increased caloric need alone do not warrant the initiation of parenteral nutrition (PN). PN is typically reserved for situations where oral or enteral feeding is not feasible or safe.
Choice B rationale
Significant risk of aspiration and decreased level of consciousness may necessitate alternative feeding methods, such as enteral feeding via a nasogastric or gastrostomy tube. PN is considered when enteral feeding is not possible.
Choice C rationale
Calorie deficit, muscle wasting, and low electrolyte levels indicate malnutrition, but PN is initiated when other feeding methods are inadequate or unsafe.
Choice D rationale
Inability to take in adequate oral food or fluids within 7 days is a clear indication for initiating PN. This ensures the patient receives essential nutrients and prevents further deterioration of their nutritional status.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The temporal lobe is primarily responsible for processing auditory information and is involved in memory formation. It plays a crucial role in hearing, language comprehension, and storing visual memories. It is not primarily responsible for abstract thought.
Choice B rationale
The frontal lobe is the largest of the cerebral lobes and is primarily involved in higher cognitive functions such as abstract thought, decision-making, problem-solving, and planning. It also plays a significant role in controlling voluntary movements, speech production, and emotional regulation.
Choice C rationale
The parietal lobe is involved in processing sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain. It plays a role in spatial orientation and perception, as well as integrating sensory input to form a coherent understanding of the environment. It is not the largest lobe nor the one controlling abstract thought.
Choice D rationale
The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information. It interprets visual stimuli from the eyes and helps in recognizing objects, shapes, and colors. It is not involved in abstract thought or higher cognitive functions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Signs of medication overdose in Parkinson's disease typically include hallucinations, confusion, and dyskinesia (involuntary movements), rather than slurred speech and drooling. These symptoms are more associated with disease progression.
Choice B rationale
Increasing the medication dose might help in early or middle stages, but slurred speech and drooling indicate more advanced disease stages. Adjusting the dose might not address these specific symptoms effectively.
Choice C rationale
An exacerbation in Parkinson's disease would typically involve a worsening of existing symptoms like tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement). Slurred speech and drooling suggest a more chronic progression rather than an acute exacerbation.
Choice D rationale
In the late stages of Parkinson's disease, symptoms can include significant motor dysfunction, slurred speech, and excessive drooling due to impaired swallowing and muscle control. These are signs of advanced disease progression.
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