A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Which finding is consistent with known risk factors for this disease?

The client is of Asian descent.

The client's water source comes from a well.

The client worked in agriculture.

The client is military veteran.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Ethnicity alone is not a known risk factor for ALS. ALS has a relatively uniform incidence across different ethnic groups. Studies have not demonstrated a significant correlation between ALS and being of Asian descent specifically.

B.   There is limited evidence suggesting that consuming well water could be associated with an increased risk of ALS, particularly if the well water is contaminated with certain toxins or heavy metals. However, this is not a widely established risk factor and is less directly linked to ALS compared to other known risk factors.
C.   Working in agriculture has been identified as a potential risk factor for ALS. Agricultural workers are often exposed to various environmental toxins, pesticides, and herbicides, which have been associated with an increased risk of developing ALS. This occupational exposure is considered a significant risk factor for the disease.
D.   Military veterans are known to have an increased risk of developing ALS. Several studies have shown that veterans, particularly those who served in combat or were exposed to specific environmental hazards during their service, have a higher incidence of ALS compared to the general population.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Women with lupus should ensure that they get plenty of sun each day while they are pregnant. Exposure to sunlight can exacerbate lupus symptoms, especially in women with lupus photosensitivity. It's important for women with lupus to avoid excessive sun exposure and wear protective clothing and sunscreen.

B. Women with lupus should not become pregnant, because the disease poses too many risks. While pregnancy can pose additional risks for women with lupus, it is not always contraindicated. With proper management, many women with lupus can have healthy pregnancies.
C. It is important for women with lupus to receive frequent prenatal care and close monitoring of their lupus symptoms throughout pregnancy. This includes regular check-ups with a rheumatologist and obstetrician, monitoring of blood pressure, kidney function, and lupus activity, as well as screening for fetal development.
D. Women with lupus should avoid all medications during pregnancy to prevent harm to the baby. This is not always the case. Some medications may be necessary to manage lupus symptoms during pregnancy, and the benefits often outweigh the risks. It's important to discuss medication options with healthcare providers to determine the best course of action.

A. Creatinine 1.2 mg/dL B. 24-hour urine output 1,800 mL C. White blood cell count (WBC) 13,500/mm3 D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 18 mg/dL

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A creatinine level of 1.2 mg/dL is within the upper range of normal but may be slightly elevated depending on the baseline level pre-transplant and individual patient factors. For a client 3 months post- transplant, this level could indicate stable kidney function or a mild increase but is not necessarily indicative of a significant complication.
B.A 24-hour urine output of 1,800 mL is within the normal range for adults (about 1,000 to 2,000 mL per day). This level of urine output suggests that the transplanted kidney is functioning adequately in terms of urine production.
C. An elevated white blood cell count of 13,500/mm³ could indicate an infection or inflammation. This finding is relevant in the context of post-transplant care because patients are at increased risk for infections due to immunosuppressive therapy and the surgical procedure. An elevated WBC count could also suggest an acute rejection episode, as rejection can cause inflammation and an immune response.
D. A BUN level of 18 mg/dL is within the normal range but on the higher end. It might suggest some level of kidney impairment, but it is not necessarily indicative of a severe complication on its own.

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A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Which finding is consistent with known risk factors for this disease?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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