A client is being admitted to the emergency department with a possible dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following clinical manifestations are not signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock?

Nausea and faintness

Neurologic deficits and apprehension

Hypertension and tachypnea

Diaphoresis and oliguria

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Nausea and faintness Nausea and faintness can be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Hypovolemic shock occurs when the body loses a significant amount of blood or fluids, leading to a decrease in blood pressure and inadequate oxygen supply to the organs. This can cause various symptoms, including nausea and faintness, as the body struggles to maintain normal function.

Choice B reason: Neurologic deficits and apprehension Neurologic deficits and apprehension can also be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Neurologic deficits refer to abnormal neurologic function of a body area due to injury of the brain, spinal cord, muscles, or nerves. Apprehension, or anxiety, can occur as the body responds to the stress of significant blood or fluid loss.

Choice C reason: Hypertension and tachypnea Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not typically a symptom of hypovolemic shock. In fact, hypovolemic shock is usually characterized by hypotension, or low blood pressure, due to the loss of blood or fluids. Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, can be a symptom of hypovolemic shock, but it would not typically be accompanied by hypertension in this context.

Choice D reason: Diaphoresis and oliguria Diaphoresis (excessive sweating) and oliguria (reduced urine production) can be symptoms of hypovolemic shock. Diaphoresis can occur as the body attempts to cool itself in response to the stress of significant blood or fluid loss. Oliguria can occur as the kidneys receive less blood flow due to the decrease in blood volume, leading to decreased urine production.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Atropine is not typically used for the treatment of pulmonary embolism. It is an anticholinergic drug that is primarily used to treat bradycardia (slow heart rate) and as part of the management of organophosphate poisoning. It does not have a role in the management of pulmonary embolism, which requires anticoagulation to prevent further clot formation.

Choice B reason: Furosemide is a loop diuretic commonly used to treat fluid overload conditions such as heart failure or edema. While it can help relieve symptoms associated with fluid accumulation, it does not treat the underlying cause of a pulmonary embolism, which is a blood clot in the pulmonary arteries.

Choice C reason: Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that is commonly used in the initial treatment of pulmonary embolism. It works by preventing the formation of new blood clots and stopping existing clots from getting bigger. Heparin is often administered intravenously or subcutaneously and is a key component in the management of pulmonary embolism.

Choice D reason: Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid that is used to reduce inflammation in various conditions, such as allergic reactions, asthma, and certain types of arthritis. It is not used as a primary treatment for pulmonary embolism, as it does not have anticoagulant properties.

A. Asterixis B. Change in orientation C. Anorexia D. Ascites E. Fetor hepaticus

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Asterixis, also known as "liver flap," is a tremor of the hand when the wrist is extended, often seen in hepatic encephalopathy as a result of altered brain function.

Choice B reason: A change in orientation, including confusion and altered consciousness, is a hallmark of hepatic encephalopathy, reflecting the brain's impaired ability to process information.

Choice C reason: Anorexia may be present in cirrhosis, but it is not a specific indicator of hepatic encephalopathy.

Choice D reason: Ascites is a common complication of cirrhosis due to portal hypertension but is not a direct indicator of hepatic encephalopathy.

Choice E reason: Fetor hepaticus, a musty odor of the breath, is a distinctive symptom of hepatic encephalopathy caused by the presence of mercaptans in the breath as the liver fails to break down sulfur-containing amino acids.

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A client is being admitted to the emergency department with a possible dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following clinical manifestations are not signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

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