A client is exhibiting diminished range of motion, loss of flexibility, stiffness, and loss of height. The history and physical findings are associated with age-related changes of which area?
Ligaments.
Bones.
Muscles.
Joints.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Ligaments connect bones and stabilize joints. Age-related changes in ligaments result in decreased elasticity, leading to joint stiffness but not directly causing loss of height.
Choice B rationale
Bones undergo resorption and may lose density with age, leading to osteoporosis. While this contributes to height loss, it is not typically associated with diminished range of motion or flexibility as primary symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Muscles lose mass and strength with aging, a condition known as sarcopenia. This affects flexibility and range of motion but does not lead directly to height loss.
Choice D rationale
Joints are affected by age-related changes such as cartilage wear and synovial fluid reduction, leading to stiffness, loss of flexibility, diminished range of motion, and height loss due to spinal disc compression and vertebral changes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering a bolus of normal saline may not directly address the cause of increased respiratory effort, which could be related to increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Normal saline administration is not the priority intervention in this case.
Choice B rationale
Bronchodilators are used to manage bronchoconstriction, not increased respiratory effort due to potential increased ICP. Monitoring the client's level of consciousness (LOC) is important, but bronchodilators are not indicated here.
Choice C rationale
Increasing the client's bed height can help with respiratory effort, but it does not directly address the potential underlying issue of increased ICP. Reassessing in 30 minutes might delay necessary interventions.
Choice D rationale
Increased respiratory effort in a client with a head injury may indicate rising ICP. Informing the care team and assessing for further signs of increased ICP is crucial for timely intervention to prevent further complications.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Potassium-rich foods, such as bananas and potatoes, are recommended for clients with prolonged diarrhea to replace lost electrolytes and maintain normal cellular function.
Choice B rationale
High-fat foods are not recommended for clients with prolonged diarrhea, as they can exacerbate symptoms and are difficult to digest.
Choice C rationale
High-fiber foods may worsen diarrhea by increasing stool bulk and frequency.
Choice D rationale
While protein-rich foods are important, they do not specifically address the electrolyte imbalances caused by prolonged diarrhea.
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