A nurse is caring for a client with the following Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) pH 7.48, PaCO2 53, and HCO3 31. How would these be interpreted?
Respiratory alkalosis
Partially Compensated Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic Acidosis
Fully Compensated Respiratory Acidosis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Respiratory Alkalosis: Would have low PaCO2 (<35 mmHg), not high.
B. Partially Compensated Metabolic Alkalosis: The pH is high (alkalosis), and the HCO3 is elevated, which indicates metabolic alkalosis. The PaCO2 is high, meaning the lungs are attempting to compensate by retaining CO₂ to lower the pH. Because the pH is still abnormal, this is partial compensation.
C. Metabolic Acidosis: Would have low pH and low HCO3 (<22 mEq/L).
D. Fully Compensated Respiratory Acidosis: The primary problem is metabolic, not respiratory.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Magnesium sulfate: Magnesium sulfate is used for eclampsia and torsades de pointes, not for reducing shivering.
B. Kayexalate: This medication is used for hyperkalemia, not temperature control.
C. Acetaminophen: While useful for fever, acetaminophen does not stop shivering.
D. Diazepam: Shivering increases metabolic demand and body temperature. Diazepam (a benzodiazepine) is a muscle relaxant that helps control shivering in hyperthermic clients.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "If I stop sweating, I should call 911 or get to the Emergency Department quickly.” An absence of sweating can indicate heat stroke, a medical emergency.
B. "If this happens in the future, lying in cool water would be beneficial.” Cooling measures like cold baths, ice packs, and shade help reduce body temperature.
C. “Using salt tablets to replenish my electrolytes may lead to nausea and vomiting.” Salt tablets can irritate the stomach and cause nausea, vomiting, and hypernatremia.
D. "Drinking water is the best way to improve sodium intake.” While water helps with rehydration, it does not replace lost sodium. Excessive water intake without electrolytes can cause hyponatremia, leading to confusion, seizures, or coma. Electrolyte-containing drinks (e.g., sports drinks, oral rehydration solutions) are better choices.
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