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A client is recovering from an open reduction of the femur suddenly feels light headed, with increased anxiety and agitation. Which key vital sign differentiates early sepsis from a pulmonary embolism?

Tachycardia

Hypotension

Tachypnea

Increased temperature

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Tachycardia: Present in both early sepsis and PE, so it does not differentiate them.

B. Hypotension: Common in later stages of sepsis and PE, not an early differentiating sign.

C. Tachypnea: Seen in both conditions, so it is not a distinguishing feature.

D. Increased temperature: Fever is an early sign of sepsis, differentiating it from pulmonary embolism (PE), which is more likely associated with acute respiratory distress, tachycardia, and chest pain.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Hyperthermia: Hypothermia, rather than hyperthermia, is more common due to impaired thermoregulation.

B. Weakened gag reflex: Cervical injuries can impair cranial nerves and reflexes, increasing the risk of aspiration.

C. Hypotension: Loss of sympathetic tone due to spinal shock leads to hypotension.

D. Absence of bowel sounds: Spinal cord injuries can cause neurogenic shock, affecting gastrointestinal motility.

E. Polyuria: Neurogenic bladder from spinal cord injuries typically causes urinary retention, not polyuria.

A. Increased heart rate B. Increase hematocrit C. Increased blood pressure D. Increased respiratory rate E. Increased temperature

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Increased heart rate: Tachycardia occurs as the body compensates for increased fluid volume.

B. Increased hematocrit: Hematocrit is typically decreased due to dilution from the excess fluid.

C. Increased blood pressure: The excessive fluid increases vascular resistance, leading to hypertension.

D. Increased respiratory rate: Fluid overload can cause pulmonary congestion, resulting in tachypnea.

E. Increased temperature: Temperature is not directly affected by fluid overload unless an associated infection or fever is present.

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A client is recovering from an open reduction of the femur suddenly feels light headed, with increased anxiety and agitation. Which key vital sign differentiates early sepsis from a pulmonary embolism?

Nursing Test Bank

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