A client is seeking information about a sleep disorder involving abnormal movements of the limbs or body during sleep. Which of the following conditions is characterized by repetitive or stereotyped movements during sleep or while falling asleep?
Hypersomnolence.
Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD).
Sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder (SRMD).
Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Hypersomnolence refers to excessive daytime sleepiness and an increased need for sleep. It is not characterized by abnormal movements of the limbs or body during sleep. Hypersomnolence can be a symptom of various sleep disorders but is not directly related to the condition described.
Choice B rationale:
Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) involves repetitive and involuntary movements of the legs and sometimes the arms during sleep. These movements are distinct from the abnormal movements described in the question. PLMD can cause sleep disturbances and daytime fatigue but is not the disorder characterized by stereotyped movements during sleep.
Choice C rationale:
Sleep-related rhythmic movement disorder (SRMD) is characterized by repetitive or stereotyped movements during sleep or while falling asleep. These movements can include head banging, body rocking, or rolling. SRMD is often seen in children and tends to decrease with age. It is a parasomnia, which is a category of sleep disorders involving unusual behaviors during sleep.
Choice D rationale:
Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder involves disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle due to misalignments between a person's internal body clock and external cues like light and darkness. It is not characterized by abnormal movements of the limbs or body during sleep. Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder can lead to difficulties falling asleep or staying awake at appropriate times but is distinct from the disorder described.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
These symptoms are normal and do not require further assessment. Rationale: This choice is not accurate. The client's symptoms of frequently waking up too early, feeling tired during the day, difficulty concentrating, and irritability are not considered normal sleep patterns. These symptoms could indicate an underlying issue that requires further assessment and intervention.
Choice B rationale:
These symptoms are indicative of a healthy sleep pattern. Rationale: This choice is incorrect. The symptoms described by the client are not indicative of a healthy sleep pattern. Waking up too early, feeling tired during the day, difficulty concentrating, and irritability are signs of disrupted sleep rather than a healthy sleep pattern.
Choice C rationale:
These symptoms align with sleep and wakefulness disorders. Rationale: This choice is the correct answer. The client's reported symptoms are consistent with sleep and wakefulness disorders. Waking up too early (early morning awakenings), feeling tired during the day, difficulty concentrating, and irritability are commonly associated with disorders like insomnia or sleep apnea. Further assessment and evaluation are needed to determine the specific disorder and appropriate treatment.
Choice D rationale:
These symptoms are primarily related to a lack of physical activity. Rationale: This choice is incorrect. While physical activity can contribute to overall well-being and sleep quality, the client's symptoms are not primarily related to a lack of physical activity. The described symptoms are more indicative of sleep-related issues rather than solely being attributed to a lack of exercise.
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Allergies are not typically considered medical disorders that directly contribute to sleep and wakefulness disorders. Allergic reactions can lead to discomfort and difficulty breathing, but they are not primary contributors to sleep disturbances.
Choice B rationale:
Degenerative neurologic illnesses, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, can disrupt sleep patterns. These conditions may lead to changes in sleep architecture, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, and other sleep-related issues.
Choice C rationale:
Infections can cause temporary disruptions in sleep due to symptoms like fever, discomfort, and respiratory issues. However, infections are not among the primary medical disorders known for contributing to chronic sleep and wakefulness disorders.
Choice D rationale:
Mood disorders like depression and anxiety can significantly impact sleep and wakefulness. Depression may lead to insomnia or oversleeping, while anxiety can cause difficulty falling asleep and maintaining sleep. Both conditions can affect sleep quality and duration.
Choice E rationale:
Caffeine consumption is a lifestyle factor, not a medical disorder. While caffeine intake, especially close to bedtime, can interfere with sleep, it is not classified as a medical disorder contributing to sleep and wakefulness disorders.
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