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A client receives a prescription for penicillin G 1,000,000 units intramuscular (IM) daily. The medication is available in 1,200,000 units/2 mL syringe. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["1.7"]

To find out how many mL the nurse should administer:

We can set up a proportion to solve for the unknown.

Given:

The prescription is for 1,000,000 units of penicillin G.

The available medication is 1,200,000 units/2 mL.

We can set up the proportion as follows:

1,000,000 units/ x mL = 1,200,000 units/2 mL

Solving for x gives us the volume in mL that the nurse should administer.

Cross-multiplying and solving for x:

X = 1,000,000 units×2 mL/1,200,000 units

After performing the calculation, we find that x equals 1.67 mL.

So, the nurse should administer 1.7 mL (rounded to the nearest tenth) of the medication.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Answer: D. Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus.

Rationale:

A. The viral load can be decreased to an undetectable level:
This statement reflects an accurate understanding of antiretroviral therapy. Effective treatment can reduce the viral load to undetectable levels, which is a key goal of HIV treatment, allowing individuals to live healthier lives and reducing the risk of transmitting the virus to others.

B. HIV infection is not cured by the antiretroviral regimen:
This statement is also accurate. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively manages HIV infection but does not cure it. Patients need to remain on medication for life to control the virus and maintain their health.

C. The medications can decrease acquired AIDS-related complications:
This statement is correct as well. Antiretroviral medications can help manage HIV and prevent the progression to AIDS, thereby reducing the likelihood of complications associated with AIDS, such as opportunistic infections.

D. Antiretroviral medication prevents the transmission of the virus:
This statement requires additional instruction because, while effective antiretroviral therapy can significantly reduce the risk of transmission, it does not entirely prevent it. Patients with an undetectable viral load have a greatly reduced risk of transmitting HIV to sexual partners (often summarized as "U=U" or "Undetectable = Untransmittable"), but it is crucial to understand that there is still a small risk involved. Therefore, additional education is necessary to clarify the need for continued safe practices, such as using condoms, even when on effective therapy.

A. Prepare to assist with chest tube insertion. B. Administer a second dose of naloxone. C. Determine Glasgow Coma Scale score. D. Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Answer: B. Administer a second dose of naloxone.

Rationale:

A) Prepare to assist with chest tube insertion:
Chest tube insertion is not relevant in this situation. A chest tube is typically used for conditions like pneumothorax or pleural effusion, not opioid-induced respiratory depression. The immediate concern here is the opioid overdose and the need for further naloxone administration to reverse the opioid effects, not the placement of a chest tube.

B) Administer a second dose of naloxone:
Administering a second dose of naloxone is the most appropriate action. Naloxone is a short-acting opioid antagonist, and its effects can wear off before the opioids have fully cleared from the client’s system. Given that the client’s respiratory rate is severely depressed and the oxygen saturation is dangerously low, another dose of naloxone is necessary to reverse the opioid's effects and restore adequate breathing. Immediate action is required to prevent further hypoxia.

C) Determine Glasgow Coma Scale score:
While assessing the client’s level of consciousness using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is important, it is not the immediate priority in this situation. The client’s low respiratory rate and oxygen saturation indicate a critical need for immediate treatment to improve ventilation and oxygenation. Administering naloxone should take precedence over neurological assessment.

D) Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR):
While the client’s respiratory depression is severe, initiating CPR may not yet be necessary if the client still has a pulse. Administering naloxone can potentially reverse the respiratory depression and prevent the need for CPR. If the client's condition continues to decline despite naloxone administration, CPR may become necessary later, but the first step is to administer a second dose of naloxone to restore breathing.

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A client receives a prescription for penicillin G 1,000,000 units intramuscular (IM) daily. The medication is available in 1,200,000 units/2 mL syringe. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest tenth.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a client who has been diagnosed with HIV about the antiretroviral medication regimen. Which statement provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

The nurse administers naloxone to a client with opioid-induced respiratory depression. One hour later, nursing assessment reveals that the client has a respiratory rate of 4 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation of 75%, and is unable to be aroused. Which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

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