A client undergoing screening for diabetes has a fasting plasma glucose level of 118 mg/dL. What should the nurse plan to educate the client about?

Changes to achieve low HDL and high LDL levels.

Self-monitoring of blood glucose.

Maintenance of a healthy weight.

Utilizing carbohydrate counting to match insulin intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale

Changes to achieve low HDL and high LDL levels are not recommended. In fact, the opposite is desired. High levels of HDL (good cholesterol) and low levels of LDL (bad cholesterol) are beneficial for overall health and can help prevent cardiovascular complications associated with diabetes.

Choice B rationale

Self-monitoring of blood glucose is important for managing diabetes, but a fasting plasma glucose level of 118 mg/dL does not necessarily indicate the need for regular self-monitoring. This level is slightly elevated and may indicate prediabetes, but further testing would be needed for a definitive diagnosis.

Choice C rationale

Maintenance of a healthy weight is beneficial for everyone, but it’s particularly important for individuals with prediabetes or diabetes. Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight can help regulate blood glucose levels and prevent or delay the progression of prediabetes to diabetes.

Choice D rationale

Utilizing carbohydrate counting to match insulin intake is a strategy used in the management of diabetes. However, a fasting plasma glucose level of 118 mg/dL, while slightly elevated, does not necessarily indicate the need for insulin therapy or carbohydrate counting. Further testing would be needed to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is an antibiotic used to treat or prevent bacterial infections. One of the key instructions for patients taking this medication is to increase fluid intake to 3 to

4 liters per 24 hours. This is because the medication can crystallize in the urine, which can lead to kidney stones or damage if the patient is not adequately hydrated.

Choice B rationale

Spending time in the sun does not improve the metabolism of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In fact, the medication can make the skin more sensitive to the sun, increasing the risk of sunburn.

Choice C rationale

Taking Kaopectate daily to prevent diarrhea is not a standard instruction for patients taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Diarrhea can be a side effect of the medication, but it should be managed under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Choice D rationale

There is no specific instruction to take trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole every morning at the same time as hydrochlorothiazide. The timing of medication administration should be determined by the healthcare provider based on the patient’s overall treatment plan.

A. Limit intake to non-caloric containing liquids until the glucose is within normal limits. B. Decrease intake of carbohydrates until blood glucose level is less than 100 mg/dL. C. Monitor blood glucose levels every 4 hours and notify the doctor if it continues to rise. D. Only administer the morning prescribed dose of insulin.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Limiting intake to non-caloric containing liquids until the glucose is within normal limits is not the best advice for a patient with Type 1 diabetes reporting a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever. While it’s important to stay hydrated, especially when sick, it’s also crucial to maintain a balanced diet to provide the body with necessary nutrients for recovery.

Choice B rationale

Decreasing intake of carbohydrates until blood glucose level is less than 100 mg/dL is not recommended. Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy, and reducing their intake could lead to low blood sugar or hypoglycemia, which can be dangerous.

Choice C rationale

Monitoring blood glucose levels every 4 hours and notifying the doctor if it continues to rise is the best advice. When a patient with diabetes is sick, their blood glucose levels can rise due to the stress the body is under. Regular monitoring allows for timely adjustments in insulin dosage and helps prevent diabetic ketoacidosis, a serious complication.

Choice D rationale

Administering only the morning prescribed dose of insulin is not advisable. Insulin requirements can increase when a person with diabetes is sick. Therefore, sticking to the regular insulin regimen without adjustments could lead to high blood sugar or hyperglycemia.

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A client undergoing screening for diabetes has a fasting plasma glucose level of 118 mg/dL. What should the nurse plan to educate the client about?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. What information should the nurse include in the teaching about this medication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

A patient diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes reports a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL and symptoms of a sore throat, cough, and fever. What advice should the nurse give to the patient?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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