A client was recently diagnosed with mild Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the statements shared by the client’s child about their risk for Alzheimer’s disease indicates the need for re-teaching? (Select all that apply.)

“It is okay to eat dessert with my dinner every night.”

“I have less to worry about because I am a female.”

“I can speak with my healthcare provider about genetic testing.”

“I need to make sure to take my blood pressure medication daily.”

“I do not have time in my schedule to add a daily walk.”

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

Choice A Reason:

The statement “It is okay to eat dessert with my dinner every night” indicates a need for re-teaching. Diet plays a significant role in the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Consuming high amounts of sugar and unhealthy fats can increase the risk of developing conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which are linked to a higher risk of Alzheimer’s. A balanced diet, such as the Mediterranean or MIND diet, which emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, is recommended to reduce the risk.

Choice B Reason:

The statement “I have less to worry about because I am a female” is incorrect and indicates a need for re-teaching. In fact, women are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease compared to men. This increased risk is partly due to women living longer than men, but even after accounting for longevity, women still have a higher incidence of Alzheimer’s. Therefore, it is crucial for females to be aware of their risk and take preventive measures.

Choice C Reason:

The statement “I can speak with my healthcare provider about genetic testing” does not indicate a need for re-teaching. Genetic testing can provide valuable information about one’s risk for Alzheimer’s disease, especially if there is a family history of the condition. While routine genetic testing is not generally recommended for everyone, discussing it with a healthcare provider can help individuals understand their risk and make informed decisions about their health.

Choice D Reason:

The statement “I need to make sure to take my blood pressure medication daily” is correct and does not indicate a need for re-teaching. Controlling blood pressure is crucial in reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. High blood pressure, particularly in midlife, is a significant risk factor for cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s. Therefore, taking blood pressure medication as prescribed is an important preventive measure.

Choice E Reason:

The statement “I do not have time in my schedule to add a daily walk” indicates a need for re-teaching. Regular physical activity is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Exercise improves blood flow to the brain, reduces inflammation, and promotes the growth of new brain cells. Incorporating physical activity, such as a daily walk, into one’s routine is essential for maintaining cognitive health and reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

This will help with medication compliance.

This is the correct response. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics like risperidone IM are often used to improve medication compliance in patients who have difficulty remembering to take their oral medications regularly. By administering the medication every two weeks, the treatment team can ensure that the client receives a consistent dose, reducing the risk of relapse due to missed doses. This approach is particularly beneficial for clients with schizophrenia, as consistent medication adherence is crucial for managing symptoms and preventing hospitalizations.

Choice B Reason:

It will help him remember to take his medication.

While this statement is related to medication compliance, it is not entirely accurate. The purpose of switching to an injectable form is to eliminate the need for the client to remember to take daily doses. Instead, the healthcare provider administers the medication at regular intervals, ensuring adherence without relying on the client’s memory.

Choice C Reason:

This has a faster onset of action.

This statement is incorrect. The onset of action for long-acting injectable risperidone is not necessarily faster than the oral form. In fact, LAIs are designed to release the medication slowly over time to maintain stable blood levels. The primary advantage of LAIs is improved adherence, not a faster onset of action.

Choice D Reason:

This new medication is stronger and will clear his symptoms faster.

This statement is also incorrect. The strength of the medication and the speed at which it clears symptoms are not the primary reasons for switching to an injectable form. The goal is to ensure consistent medication levels and improve adherence, not to increase the potency or speed of symptom relief.

A. Flumazenil B. Chlorpromazine C. Lithium carbonate D. Methadone

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines like diazepam. It works by competitively inhibiting the action of benzodiazepines at the GABA receptor, thereby reversing sedation and other effects. Flumazenil is typically administered in cases of benzodiazepine overdose to counteract the sedative effects and restore normal respiratory function. However, it should be used cautiously as it can precipitate withdrawal and seizures in patients with long-term benzodiazepine use.

Choice B Reason:

Chlorpromazine is an antipsychotic medication primarily used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It is not indicated for the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose. Chlorpromazine works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which helps to manage symptoms of psychosis but does not counteract the effects of benzodiazepines. Therefore, it would not be an appropriate choice in this scenario.

Choice C Reason:

Lithium carbonate is a mood stabilizer commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It helps to reduce the severity and frequency of mania and can also help to relieve or prevent bipolar depression. Lithium does not have any antagonistic effects on benzodiazepines and is not used in the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose. Thus, it would not be the correct medication to administer in this case.

Choice D Reason:

Methadone is a long-acting opioid used for pain management and as part of medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder. It works by binding to the same receptors in the brain as other opioids, helping to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Methadone does not counteract the effects of benzodiazepines and is not used in the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose. Therefore, it would not be an appropriate choice in this scenario.

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A client was recently diagnosed with mild Alzheimer’s disease. Which of the statements shared by the client’s child about their risk for Alzheimer’s disease indicates the need for re-teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is having trouble remembering to take his antipsychotic medication, risperidone 3 mg PO, BID. The treatment team at the clinic he attends is considering starting him on risperidone 10 mg IM every 2 weeks. The rationale for this is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client is admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) after ingesting a large amount of diazepam. Which medication would the nurse expect the ED physician to order?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia. The client is in the dayroom and shouting at other clients, stating, “Do not eat the food here. The staff is poisoning the food!” The nurse should document that the client is experiencing which type of delusion?

A nurse is reviewing assessment data collected from a post-operative patient. What assessment findings would serve as cues that the client may be experiencing hypoactive delirium? Select all that apply.

The nurse must give 25 micrograms of fentanyl IVP X1 dose. Fentanyl is available in an ampule 100 micrograms per 2m How many mL will the nurse give for the correct dose? round to the nearest tenth. Use a preceding zero if necessary. Do not use trailing zeros.

A patient with mild Alzheimer’s disease is prescribed to take galantamine. Which statement best describes how this medication works to treat this disease?

A nurse notices that a client with paranoid schizophrenia stops in mid-sentence when talking and tilts his head to the side as if to listen. The most appropriate intervention by the nurse would be to:

The nurse who has been caring for a client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) recognizes that care has been effective when the client is able to: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

The client hears the word “match.” The client replies, “A match is a catch. A catch is a batch. The batch started to hatch.” Which communication pattern does the nurse identify?