A client with a family history of congenital heart diseases asks the nurse about ways to reduce the risk for their future children. What should the nurse advise?

A) This option is incorrect. Maintaining a sedentary lifestyle during pregnancy is not recommended, as moderate exercise can be beneficial for both maternal and fetal health.

B) This option is incorrect. Prenatal check-ups and ultrasounds are essential for monitoring the health and development of the fetus and identifying any potential issues, including congenital heart diseases.

C) Correct answer. Genetic counseling can help assess the risk of congenital heart diseases based on the family history and provide guidance and recommendations for future pregnancies. This counseling can assist in making informed decisions about prenatal care and potential interventions.

D) This option is incorrect. While a family history of congenital heart diseases may increase the risk, seeking appropriate medical guidance and prenatal care can help manage and address these risks.

A) Correct answer. Advanced maternal age and maternal obesity are among the known risk factors for congenital heart diseases. These factors may increase the likelihood of certain heart abnormalities during fetal development.

B) This option is incorrect. Exposure to common childhood illnesses during pregnancy is not a recognized risk factor for congenital heart diseases. The causes are primarily genetic and developmental in nature.

C) This option is incorrect. While genetic factors play a significant role in the development of congenital heart diseases, there are other recognized risk factors, such as maternal age and obesity.

D) This option is incorrect. There are known risk factors for congenital heart diseases, as mentioned in option A. While some cases may occur sporadically without identifiable risk factors, many cases have associated factors that can be addressed through prenatal care and management.

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