A nurse is assessing a toddler diagnosed with congenital heart disease. Which symptom should the nurse prioritize as a sign of heart failure in children?

"Decreased appetite and difficulty sleeping"

"Rapid growth and development milestones achieved ahead of schedule"

"Decreased heart rate and low blood pressure"

"Frequent episodes of irritability and excessive crying"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Correct answer. Decreased appetite and difficulty sleeping are common signs of heart failure in children with congenital heart diseases. Heart failure can lead to poor circulation, decreased cardiac output, and inadequate oxygenation, resulting in reduced appetite and difficulty sleeping due to increased effort in breathing.

B) This option is incorrect. Rapid growth and development milestones achieved ahead of schedule are not indicative of heart failure in children with congenital heart diseases.

C) This option is incorrect. Decreased heart rate and low blood pressure may be signs of cardiovascular compromise, but they are not specific to heart failure.

D) This option is incorrect. Frequent episodes of irritability and excessive crying may be present in infants with heart defects, but they are not specific to heart failure in toddlers.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Correct answer. Gestational diabetes is associated with an increased risk of congenital heart diseases in the baby. Poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy can affect fetal development and increase the likelihood of birth defects, including heart defects.

B) This option is incorrect. While preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication, it is not specifically linked to an increased risk of congenital heart diseases.

C) This option is incorrect. Hyperthyroidism, an overactive thyroid gland during pregnancy, may pose risks to both the mother and baby, but it is not directly associated with congenital heart diseases.

D) This option is incorrect. Iron deficiency anemia can affect maternal and fetal health, but it is not considered a risk factor for congenital heart diseases.

A. Fresh fruits high in potassium. B. Processed foods with added sodium. C. Dairy products rich in calcium. D. Foods high in vitamin B12.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

C) Incorrect. Dairy products rich in calcium are not contraindicated with enalapril use. Calcium and ACE inhibitors do not have direct interactions.

D) Incorrect. Foods high in vitamin B12 are not contraindicated with enalapril use. There is no specific dietary restriction regarding vitamin B12 intake for clients taking this medication.

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A nurse is assessing a toddler diagnosed with congenital heart disease. Which symptom should the nurse prioritize as a sign of heart failure in children?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is conducting a prenatal education session for expectant parents. Which maternal condition should the nurse identify as a risk factor for congenital heart diseases?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with a congenital heart disease is prescribed enalapril. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid consuming which food while on this medication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with a newborn is concerned about the baby's frequent episodes of sweating, especially during feedings. What should the nurse explain about this clinical manifestation in some congenital heart diseases?

A nurse is caring for an infant with a congenital heart disease who requires prostaglandin E1 therapy. What is the primary purpose of administering prostaglandin E1?

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A nurse is assessing a newborn with suspected congenital heart disease. Which clinical finding should the nurse prioritize as an early symptom of heart defects?

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A nurse is providing discharge education to the parents of an infant with a congenital heart disease. What should the nurse include in the teaching regarding feeding?

A nurse is caring for a client with a congenital heart disease who is prescribed digoxin. The nurse should instruct the client to report which symptom immediately?