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A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has poor gas exchange. Which action by the nurse would support the client's ventilation?

A.

Encourage the client to sit up at the bedside in a chair and lean forward.

B.

Have the client rest in bed with the head elevated 15 to 20 degrees.

C.

Place the client in the Trendelenburg position with pillows behind the head.

D.

Ask the client to rest in bed in a high- Fowlers position with the knees flexed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Sitting up and leaning forward helps improve lung expansion and ventilation, which is beneficial for clients with COPD.

B. Elevating the head is helpful but not as effective as sitting upright for COPD clients who need to improve their ventilation.

C. The Trendelenburg position is not appropriate for improving ventilation in COPD patients.

D. While high-Fowler's may help in some situations, having the knees flexed can restrict the diaphragm and limit breathing capacity.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Adenosine 6 mg IV push: Adenosine is used for certain supraventricular tachycardias, but immediate cardioversion is the first priority for a client with atrial flutter and chest pain.

B. Immediate cardioversion: This is the correct answer. Immediate cardioversion is indicated for atrial flutter with signs of hemodynamic instability, such as chest pain and shortness of breath.

C. Adenosine 12 mg IV push: Adenosine may be used after the first dose of 6 mg if the initial dose was ineffective, but cardioversion takes precedence for unstable patients.

D. Amiodarone 150 mg bolus followed by a 24-hour drip: Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic used for rate control or rhythm conversion but is not the first step for hemodynamically unstable clients with atrial flutter.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Digoxin is used to control the heart rate in atrial fibrillation but does not directly prevent the common complication of thromboembolism.

B. Warfarin is an anticoagulant used to prevent thromboembolic complications, such as stroke, which are common in atrial fibrillation due to the formation of clots in the atria.

C. Furosemide is a diuretic used to manage fluid retention, often in heart failure, but it does not prevent thromboembolism.

D. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to manage hypertension and heart failure, but it does not prevent thromboembolic complications.

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