A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has poor gas exchange. Which action by the nurse would support the client's ventilation?

Encourage the client to sit up at the bedside in a chair and lean forward.

Have the client rest in bed with the head elevated 15 to 20 degrees.

Place the client in the Trendelenburg position with pillows behind the head.

Ask the client to rest in bed in a high- Fowlers position with the knees flexed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Sitting up and leaning forward helps improve lung expansion and ventilation, which is beneficial for clients with COPD.

B. Elevating the head is helpful but not as effective as sitting upright for COPD clients who need to improve their ventilation.

C. The Trendelenburg position is not appropriate for improving ventilation in COPD patients.

D. While high-Fowler's may help in some situations, having the knees flexed can restrict the diaphragm and limit breathing capacity.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Client with serum phosphorus level of 4.5 mg/dL: This is within the normal range for phosphorus (2.5-4.5 mg/dL), and the client does not require immediate assessment.

B. Client with serum magnesium level of 1.1 mEq/L who has tremors and hyperactive deep tendon reflexes: This is the correct answer. A magnesium level of 1.1 mEq/L is below the normal range (1.5-2.5 mEq/L), and symptoms like tremors and hyperactive reflexes indicate hypomagnesemia, which can lead to serious complications such as arrhythmias.

C. Client with serum potassium level of 5.0 mEq/L who is complaining of abdominal cramping: A potassium level of 5.0 mEq/L is within the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), so this client does not need immediate intervention.

D. Client with serum sodium level of 145 mEq/L who has a dry mouth and is asking for a glass of water: A sodium level of 145 mEq/L is at the upper end of normal (135-145 mEq/L), and the symptoms are likely due to dehydration or a normal response.

A. "At night, I should use a feminine pad rather than a tampon." B. "If I don't use tampons, I will reduce my risk for TSS." C. "I need to change my tampon every 10 hours during the day." D. "It is best if I wash my hands before inserting the tampon."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Using a feminine pad at night instead of a tampon can reduce the risk of TSS, which is correct.

B. Not using tampons reduces the risk of TSS. This statement is correct.

C. Tampons should be changed every 4 to 8 hours, not 10 hours, to reduce the risk of TSS. This statement indicates a lack of understanding.

D. Hand hygiene before inserting a tampon is critical for preventing TSS. This statement is correct.

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A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has poor gas exchange. Which action by the nurse would support the client's ventilation?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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