A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed anticoagulant therapy. What is the rationale for administering anticoagulants in nephrotic syndrome?

To prevent clot formation in the urinary tract due to increased proteinuria.

To reduce inflammation and pain associated with kidney damage.

To decrease the risk of infection related to hypoalbuminemia.

To prevent blood clot formation in the glomerular capillaries.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Incorrect. While increased proteinuria can increase the risk of clot formation in the urinary tract, anticoagulant therapy is not typically prescribed for this reason in nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Anticoagulants are not primarily used to reduce inflammation and pain associated with kidney damage.

C. Incorrect. Anticoagulants do not directly impact the risk of infection related to hypoalbuminemia.

D. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome can cause damage to the glomerular capillaries, leading to clot formation. Anticoagulant therapy is prescribed to prevent clot formation in the kidneys and reduce the risk of complications such as renal vein thrombosis.

QUESTIONS

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Increased renal blood flow and fluid overload would lead to excessive urine output and reduced edema, which is not consistent with nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Excessive sodium excretion and dehydration would lead to reduced fluid retention and edema, which is not consistent with nephrotic syndrome.

C. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by glomerular damage, leading to increased permeability of the glomerular capillaries and loss of protein (mainly albumin) in the urine. This results in decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels, leading to edema in various parts of the body.

D. Incorrect. Elevated blood pressure and vascular leakage would lead to a different set of clinical manifestations, not characteristic of nephrotic syndrome.

A. "Increase your protein intake to improve kidney function." B. "Limit potassium-rich foods to prevent hyperkalemia." C. "Consume a low-sodium diet to manage fluid retention." D. "Restrict fluid intake to reduce urinary output."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While protein intake may need to be adjusted in nephrotic syndrome, increasing protein intake is not typically recommended, as clients may already have significant protein loss in the urine.

B. Incorrect. Limiting potassium-rich foods is not a primary dietary concern in nephrotic syndrome. Clients should consume a balanced diet unless instructed otherwise by their healthcare provider.

C. Correct. A low-sodium diet is crucial in managing fluid retention and edema in clients with nephrotic syndrome. Sodium intake contributes to fluid retention, so reducing sodium intake helps decrease edema.

D. Incorrect. Restricting fluid intake is not typically recommended in nephrotic syndrome, as it may lead to dehydration and worsen fluid imbalances due to hypoalbuminemia.

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A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed anticoagulant therapy. What is the rationale for administering anticoagulants in nephrotic syndrome?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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