A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results and notes a decreased serum albumin level. What is the significance of decreased serum albumin in diagnosing nephrotic syndrome?
It indicates fluid overload and hypertension.
It confirms the presence of proteinuria.
It supports the diagnosis of renal vein thrombosis.
It suggests significant protein loss in the urine.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Incorrect. Decreased serum albumin levels may contribute to fluid overload and hypertension in nephrotic syndrome, but they are not the primary indicators of these complications.
B. Incorrect. A decreased serum albumin level alone does not confirm the presence of proteinuria, which requires additional tests, such as a 24-hour urine collection for protein quantification.
C. Incorrect. Decreased serum albumin levels are not directly related to the presence of renal vein thrombosis, although nephrotic syndrome can increase the risk of thromboembolic events.
D. Correct. In nephrotic syndrome, the glomerular damage results in significant proteinuria, leading to decreased serum albumin levels. The loss of albumin in the urine contributes to hypoalbuminemia, a hallmark feature of nephrotic syndrome.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. Diuretics are commonly used to manage edema in clients with nephrotic syndrome. They help increase urine output and reduce fluid retention, which can alleviate severe edema and fluid overload.
B. Incorrect. Restricting fluid intake is not typically recommended for clients with nephrotic syndrome, as it may lead to dehydration and worsen the hypoalbuminemia.
C. Incorrect. While adequate protein intake is essential, a high-protein diet may not be appropriate for clients with nephrotic syndrome due to increased protein loss in the urine.
D. Incorrect. Monitoring blood glucose levels is important, but it is not directly related to managing edema and hypoalbuminemia in nephrotic syndrome.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Incorrect. While some clients may be at increased risk of certain infections, avoiding close contact with family members is not practical and not recommended in general.
B. Correct. Good hand hygiene is essential in reducing the risk of infections in clients with nephrotic syndrome, as they are immunocompromised due to protein loss in the urine. Regular handwashing with soap and water, especially before meals and after using the bathroom, can help prevent the spread of pathogens.
C. Incorrect. Avoiding outdoor activities and crowded places is not necessary for all clients with nephrotic syndrome and may negatively impact their quality of life.
D. Incorrect. While physical activity is generally beneficial for overall health, it is not directly related to enhancing the immune system's response in clients with nephrotic syndrome.
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