A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who normally takes an oral antidiabetic agent asks the nurse why insulin is necessary during this hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation and pneumonia. Review of the medication record indicates the client is taking methylprednisolone, clindamycin, and pioglitazone. How should the nurse respond?

"Antibiotics cause significant fluctuations in blood glucose, which are controlled with insulin."

"The infection and the steroid medications you are taking can increase your blood sugar."

"You may need to take insulin when you go home since your oral agent is no longer sufficient."

"The use of insulin is easier to control your blood sugars while you are hospitalized."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. While antibiotics can influence blood glucose, the primary reason for insulin in this context is the effect of steroids and infection on blood glucose levels.
B. Methylprednisolone, a steroid, can increase blood glucose levels, necessitating the use of insulin to manage elevated glucose levels during illness.
C. The need for insulin is related to the current hospitalization and medication effects, not necessarily a long-term change in diabetes management.
D. The ease of control is less relevant compared to the fact that steroids and infection can significantly impact blood glucose levels, necessitating insulin during hospitalization.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Palpating muscle tone is important but should be done in conjunction with resistance testing to assess strength.

B. Asking the client to close his eyes is not necessary for assessing muscle strength.

C. Applying resistance while the client extends and flexes his arms helps evaluate the muscle strength and function accurately.

D. Providing an object to hold is not relevant for assessing muscle strength in this context.

A. Provide client with dietary teaching regarding a cardiac diet. B. Obtain client's vital signs every 4 hours when awake. C. Obtain a blood pressure reading before client gets out of bed. D. Measure and record the client's urinary output every day.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Dietary teaching is important for long-term health but does not address the immediate issue of dizziness upon standing.
B. Monitoring vital signs every 4 hours is important, but obtaining blood pressure before standing is crucial to prevent falls and manage orthostatic hypotension.
C. Measuring blood pressure before the client stands helps identify orthostatic hypotension, which could be causing weakness and dizziness.
D. Measuring urinary output is relevant but not immediately pertinent to the client's dizziness and weakness on standing.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

To assess a male client's muscle strength, the nurse first asks the client to extend his arms. Before asking the client to flex his arms, what should the nurse do?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

When systematically auscultating a client's anterior breath sounds, the nurse should begin by placing the stethoscope over which location?

An older client who is experiencing urinary incontinence is brought to the clinic with increased confusion. The nurse observes serous drainage from a laceration on the client's left arm. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?

A client who is taking an oral contraceptive receives a new prescription for erythromycin. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?

During the shift change report, the nurse is told that a client has a stage 2 pressure injury. Which ulcer appearance is most likely to be observed?

After receiving large doses of chlorpromazine for two weeks, a client begins to develop spasms of the neck and back. Which action should the nurse take?

An older client is admitted to the medical-surgical unit after falling and fracturing the left hip. The nurse is reviewing written preoperative instructions with the client and spouse. Which action should the nurse implement while providing these instructions?

An older adult client with heart failure comes to the emergency room because of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Based on the client's signs and symptoms, which data from the medical history has the most significance when planning this client's care?